Special use/purpose
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CA)],
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PIRS/HARRIS COMPANY AND THE SCIENCE OF REAL ESTATE - PARTNERS
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special use/purpose appraiser, Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
IRS Appraisal
The United States Trustee Program is a component of the Department of Justice that seeks to promote the efficiency and protect the integrity of the Federal
bankruptcy system. To further the public interest in the just, speedy and economical resolution of cases filed under the Bankruptcy Code, the Program monitors the
conduct of bankruptcy parties and private estate trustees, oversees related administrative functions, and acts to ensure compliance with applicable laws and
procedures. It also identifies and helps investigate bankruptcy fraud and abuse in coordination with United States Attorneys, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and
other law enforcement agencies.
Bankruptcy (BK) Information Sheet
Bankruptcy Fact Sheets & Consumer Notices
Fact Sheets
The United States Trustee Program
Overview of Bankruptcy Code Chapters
The U.S. Trustee's Role In Consumer Bankruptcy Cases
The U.S. Trustee's Role In Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases
Bankruptcy Information Sheet
Consumer Notice
Consumer Alert — Mortgage Foreclosure Scams
Consumer Alert — Mortgage Foreclosure Scams
Design Basics
DON'T GET "LOCKED OUT" OF YOUR HOME
BY A BANKRUPTCY SCAM OPERATOR
Are you having trouble making your home mortgage payments? Are you facing foreclosure on your home? Get all the facts before you pay someone to help you work
out your mortgage problems.
"Bankruptcy foreclosure scams" target people whose home mortgages are in trouble. Scam operators advertise over the Internet and in local publications, distribute
flyers, or contact people whose homes are listed in the foreclosure notices. Sometimes they direct their appeals to specific religious or ethnic groups.
These scam operators may promise to take care of your problems with your mortgage lender or to obtain refinancing for you. Sometimes they also ask you to pay your
mortgage payments directly to the scam operator. They may even ask you to hand over your property deed to the operator, and then make payments to the operator
in order to stay in your home.
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
IRS Tax Appraiser
MuniNet-Your Hub for Municipal Related Research. Neighborhood Analysis.
The Marshals Service administers the Department of Justice's Asset Forfeiture Program by managing and disposing of properties seized and forfeited by federal law
enforcement agencies and U.S. attorneys nationwide. The program has become a key part of the federal government's efforts to combat major criminal activities.
There are three goals of the Asset Forfeiture Program: enforcing the law; improving law enforcement cooperation; and enhancing law enforcement through revenue.
Asset forfeiture is a law enforcement success story, and the Marshals Service plays a vital role.
In 1984, Congress enacted the Comprehensive Crime Control Act, which gave federal prosecutors new forfeiture provisions to combat crime. Also created by this
legislation was the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture Fund (AFF). The proceeds from the sale of forfeited assets such as real property, vehicles, businesses,
financial instruments, vessels, aircraft and jewelry are deposited into the AFF and are subsequently used to further law enforcement initiatives.
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), which can be found in Title 5 of the United States Code, section 552(1), was enacted in 1966 and generally provides that any
person has the right to request access to federal agency records or information. All agencies of the Executive Branch of the United States Government are required to
disclose records upon receiving a written request for them, except for those records (or portions of them) that are protected from disclosure by the nine exemptions
and three exclusions of the FOIA. This right of access is enforceable in court, and it is supported at the administrative agency level by the "citizen-centered and results-
oriented approach" of a presidential executive order (see below).
The FOIA does not, however, provide access to records held by Congress or the federal courts, by state or local government agencies, or by private businesses or
individuals. All states have their own statutes governing public access to state and local government records; state agencies should be consulted for further
information about them.
This Reference Guide is designed to familiarize you with the specific procedures for making a FOIA request to the United States Department of Justice. The process is
neither complicated nor time consuming. Following the guidance below will make it more likely that you will receive the information that you are seeking in the shortest
amount of time possible. This Reference Guide also includes descriptions of the types of records maintained by different parts of the Department, some of which are
readily available through means other than the FOIA, including through the World Wide Web. The Justice Department's home page on the World Wide Web is at www.
usdoj.gov; in particular, its FOIA home page is at www.usdoj.gov/foia.
The American Bankruptcy Institute is the largest multi-disciplinary, non-partisan organization dedicated to research and education on matters related to insolvency.
ABI was founded in 1982 to provide Congress and the public with unbiased analysis of bankruptcy issues. The ABI membership includes more than 11,000 attorneys,
auctioneers, bankers, judges, lenders, professors, turnaround specialists, accountants and other bankruptcy professionals providing a forum for the exchange of
ideas and information. In fulfillment of its mission to provide information to its members, journalists, Congress and the public, ABI is engaged in numerous educational
and research activities, as well as the production of a number of publications both for the insolvency practitioner and the public.
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County, Orange County Cities, City of Aliso Viejo, City of Anaheim, City of Brea, City of Buena
Park, City of Costa Mesa, City of Cypress, City of Dana Point, City of Fountain Valley, City of Fullerton, City of Garden Grove, City of Huntington Beach, City of Irvine,
City of La Habra, City of La Palma, City of Laguna Beach, City of Laguna Hills, City of Laguna Niguel, City of Laguna Woods, City of Lake Forest, City of Los Alamitos,
City of Mission Viejo, City of Newport Beach, City of Orange, City of Placentia, City of Rancho Santa Margarita, City of San Clemente, City of San Juan Capistrano, City
of Santa Ana, City of Seal Beach, City of Stanton, City of Tustin, City of Villa Park, City of Westminster, City of Yorba Linda
Legal Documents - Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions
Standards for Review of Appraisals
Table of Contents
A. Data Documentation and Appraisal Reporting Standards
Introduction
B. Legal Basis for Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions
C. Standards for the Review of Appraisals
Introduction. The review and documentation of the appraisal process should be in conformity with these Standards, which are compatible with standards and practices
of the appraisal industry and with the current edition of the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP). 320 It has been necessary, however, to
invoke USPAP's Jurisdictional Exception Rule in certain instances, so as to conform these Standards to overriding federal laws and regulations on the review of
appraisal reports prepared for use in government land acquisitions. 321
Government review appraisers are often assigned administrative duties in addition to the technical review of individual appraisal reports. Those administrative duties
vary from agency to agency and may range from contract administration or counseling management for general valuation issues to assisting the agency to meet both
its non-appraisal and appraisal obligations under P.L. 91-646. 322 Some of these duties may fall outside the scope of USPAP. These administrative duties are also
considered to fall outside the scope of these Standards and are therefore not covered in the following discussion.
Basics of Tilt-Up Construction
A successful Tilt-Up project begins long before concrete is poured. As with any project, the key is thorough planning. An experienced Tilt-Up contractor can be
successful on a wide variety of projects. The beginner, however, should choose more carefully. These pages explains the basic methods and skills required for
successful Tilt-Up construction.
Site evaluation - Planning begins with an evaluation of the site.
Engineering - Engineering is a critical phase of each and every Tilt-Up project.
Footings and Floor Slabs - Once planning is complete, construction can begin on the floor and footings
Panel Forming - There are a number of ways to form individual panels.
Surface treatments - Patterns or texture can easily be added to the face of Tilt-Up panels.
Reinforcing - The use of plastic support chairs instead of steel chairs is recommended to avoid rusting.
Embeds and Inserts - The next step is to install embeds and inserts.
Concrete Placement - Concrete placement methods for Tilt-Up panels are the same as those for floor slabs.
Panel Lifting - The lifting sequence should be determined well in advance.
Panel Finishing - The finish of a panel is limited only by the creativity of the architect and the abilities of the contractor.
Insulated Panels - Insulated Tilt-Up panels are a rapidly growing market.
Contractors can learn Tilt-Up on their own or work with consultants who can assist them on the entire project or just specific portions. In all cases, contractors should
acquire as much background knowledge as possible and contact a professional architect or engineer who has Tilt-Up experience. Associations (including the TCA)
that can provide information on Tilt-Up construction include:
The Utilization of the Sales Comparison Approach in the Valuation of
Public Utility Property
The Sales Comparison Approach is an often ignored evaluation tool in the appraisal of public
utility property. Sales data is strong evidence in the valuation of public utility property, particularly for
the purposes of ad valorem taxation, acquisitions, and other litigation scenarios. The inherent
weaknesses of both the Cost and Income Approaches can be greatly diminished or overcome with
supportive sales data in many public utility valuation problems. The estimation of accrued depreciation in
the Cost Approach and the selection of appropriate rates within the Income Approach are generally
highly subjective without market data. Judgmental estimates for both de- preciation and the several rates
utilized in valuation analysis can be bolstered with sales evidence drawn directly from the market, itself.
Pitfalls of Discounted Cash Flow
Analysis in the Valuation of Certain Income
Producing Special Purpose Properties
A discounted cash flow analysis is often the analytical methodology of choice when an income
producing special purpose property, such as solid waste management facilities, certain mineral and
quarry properties, and certain agricultural and agribusiness propitious, among others, is appraised.
Caution should be taken when confronted with a discounted cash flow analysis within a valuation report.
Slight distortions or errors can result in significant over or understatements of value. The analytical risk in
a discounted cash flow analysis is that miscalculations may be cumulative resulting in significant error in
the final value conclusion. Problematic areas within discounted cash flow studies are summarized below.
The demand for valuations prepared under International Valuation Standards is being driven by the rapid adoption around the world of International Accounting
Standards, the growing influence of International Public Sector Accounting Standards, and the increasing need for users of valuation reports to have a consistent and
comparable measurement of assets wherever they may be.
The seventh edition of International Valuation Standards is available through IVSC at an individual copy price of US$50, inclusive of all postage and handling charges.
The IVSC subscription service costs US$25 per subscriber. Subscribers will receive email notification and printed copies (when available) of all exposure drafts, new
standards/guidance and IVSC newsletters produced during the period 1 February 2005 to 31 January 2007 or until a subsequent edition is published, whichever is
sooner.
(pdf) | order online | more information on ordering
LAC GIS-NET was developed to provide the public with geographic information regarding land use planning and zoning for the unincorporated areas of Los Angeles
County. It was developed by the Los Angeles County Department of Regional Planning (DRP) in coordination with the County Chief Information Office (CIO). Special
thanks is extended to the CIO, Office of the Assessor and Department of Public Works for their support, cooperation, and sharing of data.
Large amounts of data are potentially transmitted during the use of this site. Please note that loading time will vary depending on your connection speed and the
amount of data being requested
CRA/LA
APPRAISAL REQUIREMENTS
Page 2
INTRODUCTION
Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles, CA (CRA/LA)
solicits proposals from qualified firms for appraisal services concerning the fair
market value, as defined, of an adequately described real property. Requested
appraisal services are used by CRA/LA and their project managers for
assistance in performing their due diligence regarding proposed acquisitions,
joint developments, loans and other subsidies concerning the subject property.
Interested appraisal firms must submit a comprehensive appraisals meeting the
CRA/LA requirements.
Protective?
Public Records
WHAT IS THE PUBLIC RECORDS ACT?
California's Public Records Act ("PRA") is a California statute that affords the public the right to inspect, and be provided a copy of, most of the written information
retained by State and local agencies in the course of business. The PRA regulates the public's access to records and sets out the specific statutory circumstances
under which particular records need not be disclosed. The PRA states that public records are open to inspection at all times during the office hours of a local agency.
IS THE PRA RELATED TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT?
Persons who request access to public records frequently reference the Freedom of Information Act ("FOIA") as the basis for their request. The FOIA is a federal
statute that does not apply to local government. However, the PRA was modeled after the FOIA.
TO WHICH LOCAL AGENCIES DOES THE PRA APPLY?
The PRA applies to every conceivable local government entity. Under the PRA, a "local agency" includes a county; city, whether general law or chartered; city and
county; school district; municipal corporation; district; political subdivision; any board, commission or agency of any of these and non-profit organizations of local
agencies which are supported solely by public funds.
WHAT ARE "PUBLIC RECORDS?"
The PRA defines "public records" as follows: "'Public records' includes any writing containing information relating to the conduct of the public's business prepared,
owned, used, or retained by any state or local agency regardless of physical form or characteristics ..." A local agency is not required to create a document or compile
a list in response to a request under the PRA.
PROCEDURE FOR COMPLYING WITH A PUBLIC RECORDS ACT REQUEST
The agency has 10 calendar days to determine whether to grant the request. In unusual circumstances, the agency may take up to an additional 14 calendar days to
make the determination. If the agency intends to use this additional time to respond, the agency must provide written notification to the requestor that the additional
time is required, the reason for the delay and the date on which a determination will be given. When the agency has made a determination, the requestor must be
promptly notified of the agency's determination. This notification should be in writing.
Camera system allows appraisal district to see property up close
By Debby Schamber
The Orange Leader
Have you added on a room to the back of the house? Maybe your’ve just installed a new pool. If so, be prepared to pay your fair share in property taxes on the
improvements — sooner than later.
The Orange County Appraisal recently acquired a pictrometry software system, complete with thousands of aerial photos taken across the 362 square miles of the
county.
Chirco, et al. v. Crosswinds Communities Inc., et al.
If a building pirates your copyrighted design, you can actually sue to have it destroyed. Just be sure to act quickly.
Source: ARCHITECT Magazine
Publication date: March 1, 2007
By Jeffrey C. Brown
February's article on the lawsuit between William Hablinski Architecture and Amir Construction (page 20) discussed the subjective, and thus unpredictable, aspect of
lost-profit damages in architectural copyright infringement cases. In addition to financial relief, a plaintiff also can request that the infringing building(s) be destroyed.
Although demolishing goods that violate copyrights is more suitable for portable things like bootleg CDs, the Copyright Act does not bar the destruction of a building
that infringes a copyrighted architectural plan. Yet this remedy may be unavailable if razing the building would work an unjust hardship on the defendant or an
innocent third party.
TITLE ASSOCIATION ISSUES STATEMENT AGAINST ONLINE PUBLIC RECORDS
ST. LOUIS, MO (April 27, 2006) – The National Association of Land Title Examiners and Abstractors (NALTEA) expresses grave concerns and opposes the online
publication of the public records due to the sensitive information the records often contain. The organization is warning county officials of the threat they are exposing
their constituents to by placing the records, including the often sensitive information they contain, over such an easily accessible medium.
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County
Appraisers and Other Experts
[Back to top]
In most condemnation actions, the single most important issue is the fair market value of the property. That value is usually proved at trial only through opinion
testimony. The California Evidence Code permits the property owner to testify as a valuation witness. However, the opinion of a professional appraiser is generally the
most persuasive evidence of value. An appraiser is often necessary at trial because of the complex evidence and various valuation approaches that must be
interpreted for the jury.
In the usual situation, a property owner relies on the attorney to recommend experienced appraisers. A condemnee should inquire into the appraiser’s qualifications,
experience, knowledge of the area where the property is located, and fees. Appraisers normally specialize in either real estate, fixtures and equipment, or business
goodwill.
Other foundational experts may also be required. These experts include civil engineers, toxic engineers, architects, geologists, planners and economists to assist the
appraiser.
The following are some portions of the Uniform Eminent Domain Code as adopted by the Pennsylvania Legislature. This law is applicable whenever a state or local
governmental agency takes private property for public use.
http://webpages.charter.net/gdsbmmllp/condemn.htm
Lender Accountability For Appraisals
ML 2005-06: (01/28/05)
This Mortgagee Letter is to remind mortgagees of their responsibilities to obtain
high quality appraisals for properties that will be security for FHA-insured mortgages.
These responsibilities are contained in an amendment to 24 CFR 203.5 that
was published in the Federal Register on July 20, 2004 and which became effective
August 19, 2004. This rule also amended 24 CFR 25.9 to make submission
of, or causing to be submitted, documentation relating to an appraisal that does
not satisfy FHA requirements a ground for administrative action by the Mortgagee
Review Board. As explained in the preamble to this final rule, HUD is
imposing a standard of accountability to which lenders, sponsor lenders, and loan
correspondent lenders will be held that is the same as the standard used to impose
Orange County Cities, City of Aliso Viejo, City of Anaheim, City of Brea, City of Buena Park, City of Costa Mesa, City of Cypress, City of Dana Point, City of Fountain
Valley, City of Fullerton, City of Garden Grove, City of Huntington Beach, City of Irvine, City of La Habra, City of La Palma, City of Laguna Beach, City of Laguna Hills,
City of Laguna Niguel, City of Laguna Woods, City of Lake Forest, City of Los Alamitos, City of Mission Viejo, City of Newport Beach, City of Orange, City of Placentia,
City of Rancho Santa Margarita, City of San Clemente, City of San Juan Capistrano, City of Santa Ana, City of Seal Beach, City of Stanton, City of Tustin, City of Villa
Park, City of Westminster, City of Yorba Linda
Hedonic Quality Adjustment Methods
For Clothes Dryers In the U.S. CPI
Paul R. Liegey1
Preface
As previously announced, BLS is extending the use of quality adjustments derived from hedonic models in the CPI. A hedonic model decomposes the price of a
consumer product into implicit prices for each of its important features and components, thereby providing an estimate of the value for each price-influencing feature
and component.
The Illusions of Hedonics
By Antony Mueller
Posted on 7/29/2005
[Subscribe at email services, tell others, or Digg this story.]
The term “hedonics” is derived from ancient Greek and basically means “pleasure doctrine”. It is also the doctrine which the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) applies
when calculating the price indices and for the computation of the real gross domestic product and of productivity.[i] The idea behind hedonic price index calculation is
to incorporate quality changes into prices. This way, a product may be on the market at a higher price, but when the product qualities have augmented more than the
price in the eyes of the BLS, it will calculate that the price of this product has actually fallen.
Over the past years, the Statistical Working Party of the OECD Industry Committee has dealt with several different aspects of productivity measurement and analysis.
One of these issues was the impact of using different price indices for constructing volume output measurements of information and communication (ICT) industries. At
the international level, there are different approaches in this field, often leading to widely diverging profiles of ICT price indices. As a consequence, international
comparability of trends in volume output measures of certain industries but also volume measures of final demand components can be hampered. As there exists no
concise source of information to assess and compare the different approaches and to bring together the advantages and inconveniences associated with
each of them, the Working Party launched a project [DSTI/EAS/IND/SWP(98)4] for a handbook on ICT deflators.
Real estate economics is the application of economic techniques to real estate markets. It tries to describe, explain, and predict patterns of real estate prices, building
production, and real estate consumption. The closely related field of housing economics is narrower in scope, concentrating on residential real estate markets. Both
draw on partial equilibrium analysis (supply and demand), urban economics, spatial economics, and finance.
The 'Lectric Law Library's
Expert Witness & Consultant's
Reading Room
A Diverse Collection of materials About, For, By and Related To the increasingly important field of Legal Expert Witnesses & Consultants of all kinds. It includes
resources on Using, Finding & Paying Experts; What they Can & Can't do; What's needed to become one; Rules, Laws & Court Decisions that effect them or their use;
and Articles written by Expert Witnesses & Consultants spanning the wide range of their expertise.
Tax Tips for Home Buyers
Tired of giving money to a landlord? Invest your money in home ownership, and reduce you taxes at the same time.
Welcome to home ownership, the closest you may ever get to a "sure thing" investment. Not only does buying a home give you a place to call your own, it's also a
great way to reduce your income taxes. The qualified mortgage interest you pay and your real estate taxes are both deductible. That's not to mention that with a little
luck and a reasonable maintenance policy, most homes increase in value over time.
TaxCut Online helps you
claim your mortgage interest.
New house? Reap the tax benefits. We'll walk
you through deducting your mortgage interest
and other qualifying real estate expenses
Real Property
If you buy real property, certain fees and other expenses become part of your cost basis in the property. (Tax IRS)
Passive Activity Loss Audit Technique Guide (ATG) - Table of Contents
Publication Date - December, 2004
NOTE: This guide is current through the publication date. Since changes may have occurred after the publication date that would affect the accuracy of this document,
no guarantees are made concerning the technical accuracy after the publication date.
Cost Segregation Audit Techniques Guide - Table of Contents
Revision Date January 20, 2006
This Audit Techniques Guide is presented in several chapters. These chapters can be accessed and then printed by following the links in the Table of Contents below.
Table of Contents
Chapters:
Introduction
Legal Framework
Cost Segregation Methodologies
Principal Elements of a Quality Cost Segregation Sudy and Report
Review and Examination of a Cost Segregation Study
Appendix
Uniform Capitalization
Change in Accounting Method
Depreciation Overview
Relevant Court Cases
Statistical Sampling
Construction Process
Information Document Requests
Industry Specific Guidance
Casinos
Restaurants
Retail Industries
Field Directive on Planning and Examination of Cost Segregation Issues in the Biotech/Pharmaceutical Industry (IRS TAX Appraisal)
Introduction
This publication contains directories relating to real estate mortgage investment conduits
(REMICs) and collateralized debt obligations. The directory for each calendar quarter
is based on information submitted to the IRS during that quarter. This publication is only avail- able on the Internet. For each quarter, there is a directory of new
REMICs and CDOs, and a section containing Investment amended listings. You can use the directory to find the representative of the REMIC or the issuer
of the CDO from whom you can request tax Conduits information. The amended listing section showschanges to previously listed REMICs and CDOs. The update for
each calendar quarter will (REMICs) be added to this publication approximately six
weeks after the end of the quarter.
Part III - Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous
Guidance Regarding Appraisal Requirements for Noncash Charitable Contributions
Notice 2006-96
SECTION 1. PURPOSE
This notice provides transitional guidance relating to the new definitions of
“qualified appraisal” and “qualified appraiser” in § 170(f)(11) of the Internal Revenue
Code, and new § 6695A of the Code regarding substantial or gross valuation
misstatements, as added by § 1219 of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, Pub. L. No.
109-280, 120 Stat. 780 (2006) (the “PPA”).
The Service and the Treasury Department expect to issue regulations under
§ 170(f)(11). Until those regulations are effective, taxpayers may rely
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County, Orange County Cities, City of Aliso Viejo, City of Anaheim, City of Brea, City of Buena
Park, City of Costa Mesa, City of Cypress, City of Dana Point, City of Fountain Valley, City of Fullerton, City of Garden Grove, City of Huntington Beach, City of Irvine,
City of La Habra, City of La Palma, City of Laguna Beach, City of Laguna Hills, City of Laguna Niguel, City of Laguna Woods, City of Lake Forest, City of Los Alamitos,
City of Mission Viejo, City of Newport Beach, City of Orange, City of Placentia, City of Rancho Santa Margarita, City of San Clemente, City of San Juan Capistrano, City
of Santa Ana, City of Seal Beach, City of Stanton, City of Tustin, City of Villa Park, City of Westminster, City of Yorba Linda
This series covers positions that involve supervising or performing work in appraising and reviewing the appraisals of real or personal property or property interests.
These positions require technical knowledge and skill in the application of the principles, practices, and techniques of appraisal.
In previous editions of “Environment and the
Appraiser,” standards and methods for appraising
contaminated properties were reviewed1 and illustrated
with case study examples.2 In this edition of
the column, we break from standards and methodology
and discuss an issue that is important to the
appraisal profession in general and in particular to
those who focus some or most of their practice on
the valuation of contaminated properties. This issue
involves the proposed administrative rule of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) referred
to as the “all appropriate inquiries” (AAI) rule
and its relationship to existing guidance and practice
in valuing contaminated properties.
A Scientific Approach to Real Estate Valuation
Walter W. Pollock
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 148, Part 1: Real Estate Problems (Mar., 1930), pp. 97-105
Verify Adjustments Tool
Verify Adjustments Tool (freeware) provides the user with a diagnostic tool that performs a quick verification of the mathematical accuracy of sale price adjustments
made by an appraiser to comparable sales. Appraisers try to make adjustments to the sale prices of comparable sales so that after the adjustments are made, the
comparable sales are more similar in price & features and hence indicative of the market value of the property that is the subject of an appraisal.
Typically these adjustments are subjective "educated guesses" not based on market derived objective statistical econometric analysis. Requires Excel 2000 or later for
Windows. Download the Verify Adjustments Tool installer (1.4 MB)
REAL ESTATE LAW
POWER LINES AND PROPERTY VALUES THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND THE UGLY
BY DAVID R. BOLTON AND KENT A. SICK
This article begins with a review of scientific and appraisal writings since 1993 on the subject of electromagnetic field radiation (EMF) and their effect on real property
values. There is a brief examination of current cases, statutes, and municipal regulations, as well as a summary of recent literature and surveys determining the
percentage of decreases in property values. Finally, the authors explore the pros and cons of corridor valuation for expansion of existing utility easements, with an
emphasis on the right-of-way marketing efforts of several major utility companies and using corridor sales data as opposed to traditional "at the fence" methods.
So, maybe appraisal is an imprecise science rather than an art.
California Adopts I-Codes
The California Building Standards Commission has voted unanimously to adopt the International Building Code and International Fire Code as the basis for the state's
new codes. For the first time in nearly ten years, California will have a complete set of building codes based on the latest national and international model building
codes, making use of the most current technologies and methods of construction. The decision comes after an adoption process involving several agencies that make
up the Commission representing building and fire officials, architects, engineers, contractors, labor and the public. The IBC and IFC are scheduled to take effect in
January 2008. This summer, CBSC is scheduled to begin the process to adopt the International Residential Code.
Contact: Dave Johnston, (202) 326-6357, djohnston@boma.org
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Real Estate Codes Coalition
The Real Estate Codes Coalition met on March 20 at the offices of BOMA International in Washington, D.C. Attending were representatives from NAIOP, American
Hotel and Lodging Assn., National Multi Housing Council, and IFMA. The purpose of this meeting was to review the most significant code change proposals pending
before the International Code Council (ICC) and how those proposed changes, if adopted, would affect those with an equity interest in real estate. The coalition was
also briefed on the procedures for ICC's "Final Action Hearings" to be held May 18-26 in Rochester, New York by Ron Burton, BOMA's vice president for codes,
standards and regulatory affairs, and BOMA's code consultant, Larry Perry, AIA.
The advantages and disadvantages of an electronic voting process that ICC will try for the first time in Rochester was discussed. There was extreme concern any
electronic voting mechanism must allow recorded votes so that votes by code and fire officials could be made available to the public. Coalition members agreed that
ICC should ensure that each vote will be recorded and published as part of any electronic voting mechanism both in Rochester and going forward.
The Coalition also discussed the use of remote voting that has been suggested by some members of the ICC leadership. Adoption of remote voting would allow
building and fire officials to cast their votes via a webcast of the ICC hearings rather than being required to attend the hearings. Coalition members were unanimous in
their opposition to the use of remote voting since there were too many opportunities for abuse at the present time. Position statements on these two issues will be
circulated among the members of the coalition for formal adoption.
Contact: Dave Johnston, (202) 326-6357, djohnston@boma.org
COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE RESEARCH
TERMS & DATA STANDARDS
I. Overview and Executive Summary
The purpose of this report is two fold; to examine the methods, assumptions and
limitations used by commercial real estate data vendors in their data collection processes
and secondly, examine the leading commercial real estate data standards and review how
they handle these same research terms. The data elements addressed in this report are:
1. Inventory
2. Vacancy
3. Net Absorption
4. Quoted / Asking Lease Rate
5. Sale Price
6. Construction
7. Demolition
The report will review the data collection methods used by the leading national data
providers for the following real estate product types; office, retail, industrial and
multifamily. The data provider / method tables included in this report summarize the
survey findings by research term and product type.
The commercial real estate data standards reviewed in this report are as follows:
- Multifamily Information Transaction Standard (MITS)
- Real Estate Transaction Standard (RETS)
- Data Consortium (DC)
- Property Information Systems Common Exchange Standard (PISCES)
- Mortgage Industry Standards Maintenance Organization (MISMO)
This report will provide a brief overview of each data standards effort, discuss the topics
and area of focus for each data standard and introduce methods and technology tools for
integrating data from disparate data sources.
Residential (IRS) Rental Property PUD 527
Publication 523 (2006), Selling Your Home (IRS)
IRS Publications
INTRODUCTION
Sheet metal work is one of the few remaining crafts that transform raw materials into finished products through skilled craftsmanship. Sheet metal workers cut, form,
weld, solder, and assemble individual pieces to create final products and systems that serve all building types and functions. While many of the repetitious steps and
processes have been automated, individual skill—a product of training and apprenticeship under master craftsmen—is the critical element. Sheet metal types range
from coated and uncoated steel and aluminum sheet stock to copper and stainless steel, and the coatings vary from galvanized finishes to high-tech anodizing
treatments. Like wood or stone, metal is a basic building material—like wood it has grain but, unlike stone, metals can be mixed to create totally unique metals.
Applications range from architectural, which span decorative elements, to "invisible" roof flashing to duct systems, which are used in residential, commercial heating,
air-conditioning, and ventilation systems (HVAC) to industrial ducts in manufacturing facilities. This particular section of the Whole Building Design Guide deals
specifically with mechanical air distribution
Architects, engineers, and project managers can improve the performance and quality of their buildings by following the guidance and recommendations provided
within the categories of this web site. Start by navigating through one of the sections below:
Building Types—contains information organized by the type of building or use
Space Types—contains information organized by the type of functional space within buildings
Design Disciplines—contains information organized by the professional disciplines' role in the 'whole building' process
Design Objectives—contains information organized by the specific design goal
Products & Systems—contains information organized by CSI MasterFormat™ or UniFormat™
Multiple links between various sections of the WBDG and the Internet allow you to easily access all relevant online information related to a topic, including design tools,
federal mandates, and government and non-government standards. At the bottom-most level of the site, browse in-depth technical summaries, called Resource
Pages, written by industry experts.
Welcome to the new Tools section of the Whole Building Design Guide. These pages offer information on a variety of desktop or Web-based tools used in the building
industry.
Browse alphabetically
Browse by category:
Code Compliance
Cost-Estimating
Design & Analysis
Energy Analysis
Life-Cycle Costing / Assessment
Professional & Construction Services
Program & Project Management
Specification Aids
Browse by agency use:
Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA)
Army Corps of Engineers (COE)
Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)
General Services Administration (GSA)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC)
U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
INTRODUCTION
Successful project management requires team leadership and coordination, diligent project planning, and effective oversight of the delivery process. Recognizing the
importance of these qualities in satisfying clients' expectations, the Project Management section offers guidance for the entire delivery team to successfully and
effectively carry out a high performance building project.
While this section is still under development, click on one of the following areas to begin your exploration:
Project Delivery Teams—Contains guidance on assembling and effectively managing the project team.
Project Planning and Development—Contains guidance on how to plan and deliver a project, from inception to turnover.
Building Commissioning—Provides an overview of commissioning drivers, benefits, goals, and principles.
Project Delivery and Controls—Contains descriptions of procedures and practices used to manage project scope, budget, and schedule.
Note: Terminology and processes described within this section of the WBDG typically refer to federal projects, but may be applicable to other public sector institutions
with adaptation for local standards of professional practice.
INTRODUCTION
The operations and maintenance (O&M) of facilities covers all that broad spectrum of services required to assure the built environment is available to and will perform
the functions for which they were designed and constructed. O&M is comprised of the day-to-day activities necessary for the built entities to perform their intended
function. Operations and maintenance are combined into the one term O&M because an entity cannot operate without being maintained; therefore the two are
discussed as one.
At this time the Operations and Maintenance section offers guidance in the following areas:
Real Property Inventory (RPI)—Provides an overview on the type of system needed to maintain an inventory of an organization's assets and manage those assets.
Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS)—Contains descriptions of procedures and practices used to track the maintenance of an organization's
assets and associated costs.
Future updates to the Operations and Maintenance section will provide additional guidance in the areas described below.
The scope of O&M includes the activities required to keep the entire built environment as contained in the organization's Real Property Inventory of buildings and
structures and their supporting facilities such as utility systems, parking lots, roads, drainage structures and grounds in condition to be used to meet their intended
function during their life cycle. These activities include routine and breakdown maintenance and repairs, operations of utility systems and grounds care. It varies from
O&M of a single building to a complex of many buildings and structures or groups of complexes. As the number of buildings and structures increases, the organization
performing the O&M increases in size and complexity. In all cases it requires knowledgeable and skilled management and skilled and trained technical personnel to
perform the many varied O&M functions.
United States Code: Main Page
The United States Code is the codification by subject matter of the general and permanent laws of the United States. It is divided by broad subjects into 50 titles and
published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U.S. House of Representatives. Since 1926, the United States Code has been published every six years. In
between editions, annual cumulative supplements are published in order to present the most current information. Documents are available only as ASCII text files.
More.
TITLE 16--CONSERVATION
CHAPTER 81--USER FEES UNDER FOREST SYSTEM RECREATION RESIDENCE PROGRAM
Sec. 6205. Appraisals
(a) Requirements for conducting appraisals
TITLE 12--BANKS AND BANKING
CHAPTER 34A--APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
EXAMINATION COUNCIL
Sec. 3345. Certification and licensing requirements
TITLE 12--BANKS AND BANKING
CHAPTER 34A--APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
EXAMINATION COUNCIL
Sec. 3339. Functions of Federal financial institutions
regulatory agencies relating to appraisal standards
Each Federal financial institutions regulatory agency and the
Resolution Trust Corporation shall prescribe appropriate standards for
the performance of real estate appraisals in connection with federally
related transactions under the jurisdiction of each such agency or
instrumentality. These rules shall require, at a minimum--
(1) that real estate appraisals be performed in accordance with
generally accepted appraisal standards as evidenced by the appraisal
standards promulgated by the Appraisal Standards Board of the
Appraisal Foundation; and
(2) that such appraisals shall be written appraisals.
(a) In general
For purposes of this chapter, the term ``State certified real estate
appraiser'' means any individual who has satisfied the requirements for
State certification in a State or territory whose criteria for
certification as a real estate appraiser currently meets the minimum
criteria for certification issued by the Appraiser Qualification Board
of the Appraisal Foundation.
Construction is risky business. And while today’s construction projects may be safer than they were in the past, the financial risks continue to be great. Today’s
construction projects are bid under fierce competition with little margin and require the coordination of many trades under demanding conditions and challenging
timeframes. Often, everything does not go according to plan and the parties to the construction contract find themselves at odds.
Thankfully, several truths remain. All construction projects have a critical path. This is true whether the parties develop a Critical Path Method (CPM) schedule or
manage the project off the back of a napkin. Also, only delays to activities on the critical path can delay the completion of the project. The analysis techniques used
to determine these critical project delays will differ depending upon the management tools employed on the project. However, because the power of the CPM
schedule offers advantages to the project managers of both the owner and the contractor, the CPM schedule has become commonplace on most construction
projects. And, if a CPM schedule was prepared for a project, it is the place that the delay analyst must start.
Assessment Appeals Manuel
In the administration of the property tax in California, achieving equity in the equalization
process requires two elements. First, the taxpayer and the appeals board should have as much
relevant information as possible about the value of the property and about the assessment placed on that property by the assessor. Second, all parties must receive
an adequate, impartial hearing of any appeal regarding that property.
For purposes of local property taxation, equalization means adjustments in the values of
properties listed on the assessment roll to conform to their values within the parameters of
property tax laws.
Assessors' Handbook sections are available here for viewing and printing. You may also purchase copies of Assessors' Handbook sections by downloading, printing,
and submitting the following form:
BOE-663-AH, Purchase Order For Assessor's Handbook Sections, Rev. 18 (01-05)
Table of Contents
AH 201, Assessment Roll Procedures, (06-85)
AH 215, Assessment Map Standards, (08-92)
AH 265, Cemetery Exemption, (08-77)
AH 267, Welfare, Church, and Religious Exemptions, (10-04)
AH 501, Basic Appraisal, (01-02)
AH 502, Advanced Appraisal, (12-98)
AH 503, Cash Equivalent Analysis, (03-85)
AH 504, Assessment of Personal Property and Fixtures, (10-02)
AH 505, Capitalization Formulas and Tables, (06-93)
AH 510, Assessment of Taxable Possessory Interests, (12-02)
AH 511, Assessment of Manufactured Homes and Parks, (11-01)
AH 513, Assessment of Shopping Centers, (01-83)
AH 515, Assessment of Golf Courses, (01-83)
AH 516, Assessment of Cemeteries, (01-83)
AH 521, Assessment of Agricultural and Open-Space Properties, (10-03)
AH 531, Residential Building Costs, (01-07)
AH 534, Rural Building Costs, (01-07)
AH 542, Assessment Of Water Companies And Water Rights, (12-00)
AH 560, Assessment of Mining Properties, (03-97)
AH 566, Assessment of Petroleum Properties, (01-99)
AH 570, Assessment of Commercial Aircraft, (01-72)
AH 576, Assessment of Vessels, (02-02)
AH 577, Assessment of General Aircraft, (11-03)
AH 581, Equipment Index and Percent Good Factors, (01-07)
AH 582, Explanation of the Derivation of Equipment Percent Good Factors, (02-81)
Assessment Appeals Manual, (5-03)
State Assessment Manual, (3-03)
Timber Tax Manual, (11-05)
SHARING INFORMATION TO COUNTER TERRORISM...
AND PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY
Since the World Trade Center attacks in September 2001, high-profile office properties, apartment buildings, shopping malls and hotels all have been identified as
potential terrorist targets at one time or another. In response, industry organizations have worked with government officials to prevent, detect and respond to terrorist
threats and malicious incidents.
Free Advice - Real Estate Law Center
The Cato Institute-Real Estate
Among the many policy responses to recent natural disasters
and their costs have been proposals to tighten land use
restrictions and building codes in disaster-prone areas. There
is little modern economic research on either the costs of codes
or their effectiveness in producing the desired level of safety
within high hazard areas. In this article, I examine code changes
during the 1980s on Florida’s Gulf Coast to determine how
land market participants value building codes in high hazard
areas, including those associated with the provision of federal
flood insurance.
Anatomy of a Brownfields Redevelopment
Provides an overview of the brownfields cleanup and redevelopment process from a real estate development perspective. The document identifies key challenges in
brownfields redevelopment, critical participants in brownfields transactions, and important stages throughout processes such as pre-development, assessment,
cleanup and development, and long-term property management. Example scenarios from projects using private, public-private, and public funding sources are
included. The document also provides a brief glossary of key terms, as well as additional resources for those looking to clean up and redevelop brownfields.
These pages provide links to bibliographic information and organizational websites that are related to various issues associated with the mission of the Hixon Center
for Urban Ecology. The information contained on these pages has been gathered through student projects and by Hixon Center student assistants. It is not meant to
be an all inclusive list of sources on each topic, nor has every source been evaluated for quality. More information resources within the field of urban ecology will be
added to this Website in the near future. In addition, these pages will be updated regularly; please visit this site again for new information.
- BEFORE THE ARCHITECT, Custom House Plans -
Before The Architect is about custom house design and custom house plans nationwide
"CUSTOM HOUSE PLANS AND NOT JUST A HANDFUL OF PRETTY PICTURES"
The NAHB Research Center has been engaged in a multifaceted research program for the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) and the U.S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to quantify the structural performance of homes and to develop or refine engineering methods that accurately model
conventional wood construction. Previous studies have focused on the system effects of the whole building performance and specific assemblies such as built-up
headers and shear walls. However, little effort has been made to investigate the systemic load path with respect to roof framing connections, particularly in the context
of conventional, wood-framed homes. The engineering knowledge needed to cost-effectively design homes or evaluate residential construction guidelines are lacking
in this area. In addition, the practice of making connections in conventional wood-frame construction has evolved from its original use of hand-driven fasteners to the
predominant use of pneumatic fasteners. The prescriptive fastening schedules developed based on historic experience with hand-driven fasteners need to be verified
and updated for use with pneumatic fasteners to ensure consistency with the intended performance objectives. This problem further extends to the design practice for
engineered wood-frame connections. The focus of this project was on connections used with conventional light-frame wood roof construction. A literature review was
conducted and supplemented with new research on the performance of conventional roof systems and components including ceiling joist-to-rafter connections and
roof framing-to-wall connections.
Toolbase Services: The home building industry's techinigal information resourse.
Brownfields are real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance,
pollutant, or contaminant. Cleaning up and reinvesting in these properties takes development pressures off of undeveloped, open land, and both improves and
protects the environment.
On this site, you can find information about US EPA's Brownfields Program including the Brownfields Law, US EPA Brownfields Grants, technical tools and resources
as well as information on brownfields projects across the county.
Roofs can be designed and constructed to be either vented
or unvented in any hygro-thermal zone.
In cold climates, the primary purpose of attic ventilation is
to maintain a cold roof temperature to avoid ice dams created
by melting snow, and to vent moisture that moves
from the conditioned space to the attic. Melted snow, in
this case, is caused by heat loss from the conditioned space.
In hot climates, the primary purpose of attic ventilation is
to expel solar heated hot air from the attic to lessen the
building cooling load.
n this essay, I explore the latter hypothesis. I suggest that the focus on the police does not do justice to the processual dynamics of how a neighborhood is
redeveloped, gentrified, or commercialized. It does not begin to scratch at the dynamic relationship between real estate redevelopment and crime. There are crucial
intervening steps. And in the more complete story, the most important players are high-end commercial and residential real estate developers, city urban planners,
and non-profit housing advocates for the homeless. The police and their policing are ancillary.
Leading Social Science Research
Delivered Daily
Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is devoted to the rapid worldwide dissemination of social science research and is composed of a number of specialized
research networks in each of the social sciences. We have received several excellence awards for our web site.
Each of SSRN's networks encourages the early distribution of research results by publishing Submitted abstracts and by soliciting abstracts of top quality research
papers around the world. We now have hundreds of journals, publishers, and institutions in Partners in Publishing that provide working papers for distribution through
SSRN's eLibrary and abstracts for publication in SSRN's electronic journals. (Real Estate)
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
IRS Appraisal
Real estate appraisal is more of a practical art than a theoretical science. Appraisers use a number of time-honored formulas without great attention to the theoretical
derivation of the formulas. While this "cookbook" approach may work as a matter of everyday practice, it leaves much to be desired from a pedagogical viewpoint.
When valuation formulas do have a derivation from a certain set of assumptions, then it is quite inappropriate—particularly for the technically-oriented student—for the
formulas to be taught as "recipes" established by some authority and simply to be memorized and used.
There are a number of reasonably complex formulas that are used in the income approach to real estate appraisal, particularly as developed in the United States. The
necessary assumptions and the proofs of these formulas are usually to be found only in a few scarce journal articles in the United States or in out-of-print books.
Hence we have attempted to give here, all in one place, fresh algebraic derivations of the major formulas to make them available to technically adept students and
practitioners.
Mortgage Fraud is investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and is
punishable by up to 30 years in federal prison or $1,000,000 fine, or both. It is
illegal for a person to make any false statement regarding income, assets, debt,
or matters of identification, or to willfully overvalue any land or property, in a
loan and credit application for the purpose of influencing in any way the
action of a financial institution.
Some of the applicable Federal criminal statutes which may be charged in connection with
Mortgage Fraud include:
18 U.S.C. § 1001 - Statements or entries generally
18 U.S.C. § 1010 - HUD and Federal Housing Administration Transactions
18 U.S.C. § 1014 - Loan and credit applications generally
18 U.S.C. § 1028 - Fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents
18 U.S.C. § 1341 - Frauds and swindles by Mail
18 U.S.C. § 1342 - Fictitious name or address
18 U.S.C. § 1343 - Fraud by wire
18 U.S.C. § 1344 - Bank Fraud
42 U.S.C. § 408(a) - False Social Security Number
Property Rights Foundation of America, Inc.
New information added on February 2, 2007
http://prfamerica.org/indices/Eminent-NatlIndex.html
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
IRS Appraisal
The United States Trustee Program is a component of the Department of Justice that seeks to promote the efficiency and protect the integrity of the Federal
bankruptcy system. To further the public interest in the just, speedy and economical resolution of cases filed under the Bankruptcy Code, the Program monitors the
conduct of bankruptcy parties and private estate trustees, oversees related administrative functions, and acts to ensure compliance with applicable laws and
procedures. It also identifies and helps investigate bankruptcy fraud and abuse in coordination with United States Attorneys, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and
other law enforcement agencies.
Bankruptcy (BK) Information Sheet
Bankruptcy Fact Sheets & Consumer Notices
Fact Sheets
The United States Trustee Program
Overview of Bankruptcy Code Chapters
The U.S. Trustee's Role In Consumer Bankruptcy Cases
The U.S. Trustee's Role In Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Cases
Bankruptcy Information Sheet
Consumer Notice
Consumer Alert — Mortgage Foreclosure Scams
Consumer Alert — Mortgage Foreclosure Scams
Design Basics
DON'T GET "LOCKED OUT" OF YOUR HOME
BY A BANKRUPTCY SCAM OPERATOR
Are you having trouble making your home mortgage payments? Are you facing foreclosure on your home? Get all the facts before you pay someone to help you work
out your mortgage problems.
"Bankruptcy foreclosure scams" target people whose home mortgages are in trouble. Scam operators advertise over the Internet and in local publications, distribute
flyers, or contact people whose homes are listed in the foreclosure notices. Sometimes they direct their appeals to specific religious or ethnic groups.
These scam operators may promise to take care of your problems with your mortgage lender or to obtain refinancing for you. Sometimes they also ask you to pay your
mortgage payments directly to the scam operator. They may even ask you to hand over your property deed to the operator, and then make payments to the operator
in order to stay in your home.
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
IRS Tax Appraiser
MuniNet-Your Hub for Municipal Related Research. Neighborhood Analysis.
The Marshals Service administers the Department of Justice's Asset Forfeiture Program by managing and disposing of properties seized and forfeited by federal law
enforcement agencies and U.S. attorneys nationwide. The program has become a key part of the federal government's efforts to combat major criminal activities.
There are three goals of the Asset Forfeiture Program: enforcing the law; improving law enforcement cooperation; and enhancing law enforcement through revenue.
Asset forfeiture is a law enforcement success story, and the Marshals Service plays a vital role.
In 1984, Congress enacted the Comprehensive Crime Control Act, which gave federal prosecutors new forfeiture provisions to combat crime. Also created by this
legislation was the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture Fund (AFF). The proceeds from the sale of forfeited assets such as real property, vehicles, businesses,
financial instruments, vessels, aircraft and jewelry are deposited into the AFF and are subsequently used to further law enforcement initiatives.
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), which can be found in Title 5 of the United States Code, section 552(1), was enacted in 1966 and generally provides that any
person has the right to request access to federal agency records or information. All agencies of the Executive Branch of the United States Government are required to
disclose records upon receiving a written request for them, except for those records (or portions of them) that are protected from disclosure by the nine exemptions
and three exclusions of the FOIA. This right of access is enforceable in court, and it is supported at the administrative agency level by the "citizen-centered and results-
oriented approach" of a presidential executive order (see below).
The FOIA does not, however, provide access to records held by Congress or the federal courts, by state or local government agencies, or by private businesses or
individuals. All states have their own statutes governing public access to state and local government records; state agencies should be consulted for further
information about them.
This Reference Guide is designed to familiarize you with the specific procedures for making a FOIA request to the United States Department of Justice. The process is
neither complicated nor time consuming. Following the guidance below will make it more likely that you will receive the information that you are seeking in the shortest
amount of time possible. This Reference Guide also includes descriptions of the types of records maintained by different parts of the Department, some of which are
readily available through means other than the FOIA, including through the World Wide Web. The Justice Department's home page on the World Wide Web is at www.
usdoj.gov; in particular, its FOIA home page is at www.usdoj.gov/foia.
The American Bankruptcy Institute is the largest multi-disciplinary, non-partisan organization dedicated to research and education on matters related to insolvency.
ABI was founded in 1982 to provide Congress and the public with unbiased analysis of bankruptcy issues. The ABI membership includes more than 11,000 attorneys,
auctioneers, bankers, judges, lenders, professors, turnaround specialists, accountants and other bankruptcy professionals providing a forum for the exchange of
ideas and information. In fulfillment of its mission to provide information to its members, journalists, Congress and the public, ABI is engaged in numerous educational
and research activities, as well as the production of a number of publications both for the insolvency practitioner and the public.
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County, Orange County Cities, City of Aliso Viejo, City of Anaheim, City of Brea, City of Buena
Park, City of Costa Mesa, City of Cypress, City of Dana Point, City of Fountain Valley, City of Fullerton, City of Garden Grove, City of Huntington Beach, City of Irvine,
City of La Habra, City of La Palma, City of Laguna Beach, City of Laguna Hills, City of Laguna Niguel, City of Laguna Woods, City of Lake Forest, City of Los Alamitos,
City of Mission Viejo, City of Newport Beach, City of Orange, City of Placentia, City of Rancho Santa Margarita, City of San Clemente, City of San Juan Capistrano, City
of Santa Ana, City of Seal Beach, City of Stanton, City of Tustin, City of Villa Park, City of Westminster, City of Yorba Linda
Legal Documents - Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions
Standards for Review of Appraisals
Table of Contents
A. Data Documentation and Appraisal Reporting Standards
Introduction
B. Legal Basis for Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions
C. Standards for the Review of Appraisals
Introduction. The review and documentation of the appraisal process should be in conformity with these Standards, which are compatible with standards and practices
of the appraisal industry and with the current edition of the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP). 320 It has been necessary, however, to
invoke USPAP's Jurisdictional Exception Rule in certain instances, so as to conform these Standards to overriding federal laws and regulations on the review of
appraisal reports prepared for use in government land acquisitions. 321
Government review appraisers are often assigned administrative duties in addition to the technical review of individual appraisal reports. Those administrative duties
vary from agency to agency and may range from contract administration or counseling management for general valuation issues to assisting the agency to meet both
its non-appraisal and appraisal obligations under P.L. 91-646. 322 Some of these duties may fall outside the scope of USPAP. These administrative duties are also
considered to fall outside the scope of these Standards and are therefore not covered in the following discussion.
Basics of Tilt-Up Construction
A successful Tilt-Up project begins long before concrete is poured. As with any project, the key is thorough planning. An experienced Tilt-Up contractor can be
successful on a wide variety of projects. The beginner, however, should choose more carefully. These pages explains the basic methods and skills required for
successful Tilt-Up construction.
Site evaluation - Planning begins with an evaluation of the site.
Engineering - Engineering is a critical phase of each and every Tilt-Up project.
Footings and Floor Slabs - Once planning is complete, construction can begin on the floor and footings
Panel Forming - There are a number of ways to form individual panels.
Surface treatments - Patterns or texture can easily be added to the face of Tilt-Up panels.
Reinforcing - The use of plastic support chairs instead of steel chairs is recommended to avoid rusting.
Embeds and Inserts - The next step is to install embeds and inserts.
Concrete Placement - Concrete placement methods for Tilt-Up panels are the same as those for floor slabs.
Panel Lifting - The lifting sequence should be determined well in advance.
Panel Finishing - The finish of a panel is limited only by the creativity of the architect and the abilities of the contractor.
Insulated Panels - Insulated Tilt-Up panels are a rapidly growing market.
Contractors can learn Tilt-Up on their own or work with consultants who can assist them on the entire project or just specific portions. In all cases, contractors should
acquire as much background knowledge as possible and contact a professional architect or engineer who has Tilt-Up experience. Associations (including the TCA)
that can provide information on Tilt-Up construction include:
The Utilization of the Sales Comparison Approach in the Valuation of
Public Utility Property
The Sales Comparison Approach is an often ignored evaluation tool in the appraisal of public
utility property. Sales data is strong evidence in the valuation of public utility property, particularly for
the purposes of ad valorem taxation, acquisitions, and other litigation scenarios. The inherent
weaknesses of both the Cost and Income Approaches can be greatly diminished or overcome with
supportive sales data in many public utility valuation problems. The estimation of accrued depreciation in
the Cost Approach and the selection of appropriate rates within the Income Approach are generally
highly subjective without market data. Judgmental estimates for both de- preciation and the several rates
utilized in valuation analysis can be bolstered with sales evidence drawn directly from the market, itself.
Pitfalls of Discounted Cash Flow
Analysis in the Valuation of Certain Income
Producing Special Purpose Properties
A discounted cash flow analysis is often the analytical methodology of choice when an income
producing special purpose property, such as solid waste management facilities, certain mineral and
quarry properties, and certain agricultural and agribusiness propitious, among others, is appraised.
Caution should be taken when confronted with a discounted cash flow analysis within a valuation report.
Slight distortions or errors can result in significant over or understatements of value. The analytical risk in
a discounted cash flow analysis is that miscalculations may be cumulative resulting in significant error in
the final value conclusion. Problematic areas within discounted cash flow studies are summarized below.
The demand for valuations prepared under International Valuation Standards is being driven by the rapid adoption around the world of International Accounting
Standards, the growing influence of International Public Sector Accounting Standards, and the increasing need for users of valuation reports to have a consistent and
comparable measurement of assets wherever they may be.
The seventh edition of International Valuation Standards is available through IVSC at an individual copy price of US$50, inclusive of all postage and handling charges.
The IVSC subscription service costs US$25 per subscriber. Subscribers will receive email notification and printed copies (when available) of all exposure drafts, new
standards/guidance and IVSC newsletters produced during the period 1 February 2005 to 31 January 2007 or until a subsequent edition is published, whichever is
sooner.
(pdf) | order online | more information on ordering
LAC GIS-NET was developed to provide the public with geographic information regarding land use planning and zoning for the unincorporated areas of Los Angeles
County. It was developed by the Los Angeles County Department of Regional Planning (DRP) in coordination with the County Chief Information Office (CIO). Special
thanks is extended to the CIO, Office of the Assessor and Department of Public Works for their support, cooperation, and sharing of data.
Large amounts of data are potentially transmitted during the use of this site. Please note that loading time will vary depending on your connection speed and the
amount of data being requested
CRA/LA
APPRAISAL REQUIREMENTS
Page 2
INTRODUCTION
Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles, CA (CRA/LA)
solicits proposals from qualified firms for appraisal services concerning the fair
market value, as defined, of an adequately described real property. Requested
appraisal services are used by CRA/LA and their project managers for
assistance in performing their due diligence regarding proposed acquisitions,
joint developments, loans and other subsidies concerning the subject property.
Interested appraisal firms must submit a comprehensive appraisals meeting the
CRA/LA requirements.
Protective?
Public Records
WHAT IS THE PUBLIC RECORDS ACT?
California's Public Records Act ("PRA") is a California statute that affords the public the right to inspect, and be provided a copy of, most of the written information
retained by State and local agencies in the course of business. The PRA regulates the public's access to records and sets out the specific statutory circumstances
under which particular records need not be disclosed. The PRA states that public records are open to inspection at all times during the office hours of a local agency.
IS THE PRA RELATED TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT?
Persons who request access to public records frequently reference the Freedom of Information Act ("FOIA") as the basis for their request. The FOIA is a federal
statute that does not apply to local government. However, the PRA was modeled after the FOIA.
TO WHICH LOCAL AGENCIES DOES THE PRA APPLY?
The PRA applies to every conceivable local government entity. Under the PRA, a "local agency" includes a county; city, whether general law or chartered; city and
county; school district; municipal corporation; district; political subdivision; any board, commission or agency of any of these and non-profit organizations of local
agencies which are supported solely by public funds.
WHAT ARE "PUBLIC RECORDS?"
The PRA defines "public records" as follows: "'Public records' includes any writing containing information relating to the conduct of the public's business prepared,
owned, used, or retained by any state or local agency regardless of physical form or characteristics ..." A local agency is not required to create a document or compile
a list in response to a request under the PRA.
PROCEDURE FOR COMPLYING WITH A PUBLIC RECORDS ACT REQUEST
The agency has 10 calendar days to determine whether to grant the request. In unusual circumstances, the agency may take up to an additional 14 calendar days to
make the determination. If the agency intends to use this additional time to respond, the agency must provide written notification to the requestor that the additional
time is required, the reason for the delay and the date on which a determination will be given. When the agency has made a determination, the requestor must be
promptly notified of the agency's determination. This notification should be in writing.
Camera system allows appraisal district to see property up close
By Debby Schamber
The Orange Leader
Have you added on a room to the back of the house? Maybe your’ve just installed a new pool. If so, be prepared to pay your fair share in property taxes on the
improvements — sooner than later.
The Orange County Appraisal recently acquired a pictrometry software system, complete with thousands of aerial photos taken across the 362 square miles of the
county.
Chirco, et al. v. Crosswinds Communities Inc., et al.
If a building pirates your copyrighted design, you can actually sue to have it destroyed. Just be sure to act quickly.
Source: ARCHITECT Magazine
Publication date: March 1, 2007
By Jeffrey C. Brown
February's article on the lawsuit between William Hablinski Architecture and Amir Construction (page 20) discussed the subjective, and thus unpredictable, aspect of
lost-profit damages in architectural copyright infringement cases. In addition to financial relief, a plaintiff also can request that the infringing building(s) be destroyed.
Although demolishing goods that violate copyrights is more suitable for portable things like bootleg CDs, the Copyright Act does not bar the destruction of a building
that infringes a copyrighted architectural plan. Yet this remedy may be unavailable if razing the building would work an unjust hardship on the defendant or an
innocent third party.
TITLE ASSOCIATION ISSUES STATEMENT AGAINST ONLINE PUBLIC RECORDS
ST. LOUIS, MO (April 27, 2006) – The National Association of Land Title Examiners and Abstractors (NALTEA) expresses grave concerns and opposes the online
publication of the public records due to the sensitive information the records often contain. The organization is warning county officials of the threat they are exposing
their constituents to by placing the records, including the often sensitive information they contain, over such an easily accessible medium.
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County
Appraisers and Other Experts
[Back to top]
In most condemnation actions, the single most important issue is the fair market value of the property. That value is usually proved at trial only through opinion
testimony. The California Evidence Code permits the property owner to testify as a valuation witness. However, the opinion of a professional appraiser is generally the
most persuasive evidence of value. An appraiser is often necessary at trial because of the complex evidence and various valuation approaches that must be
interpreted for the jury.
In the usual situation, a property owner relies on the attorney to recommend experienced appraisers. A condemnee should inquire into the appraiser’s qualifications,
experience, knowledge of the area where the property is located, and fees. Appraisers normally specialize in either real estate, fixtures and equipment, or business
goodwill.
Other foundational experts may also be required. These experts include civil engineers, toxic engineers, architects, geologists, planners and economists to assist the
appraiser.
The following are some portions of the Uniform Eminent Domain Code as adopted by the Pennsylvania Legislature. This law is applicable whenever a state or local
governmental agency takes private property for public use.
http://webpages.charter.net/gdsbmmllp/condemn.htm
Lender Accountability For Appraisals
ML 2005-06: (01/28/05)
This Mortgagee Letter is to remind mortgagees of their responsibilities to obtain
high quality appraisals for properties that will be security for FHA-insured mortgages.
These responsibilities are contained in an amendment to 24 CFR 203.5 that
was published in the Federal Register on July 20, 2004 and which became effective
August 19, 2004. This rule also amended 24 CFR 25.9 to make submission
of, or causing to be submitted, documentation relating to an appraisal that does
not satisfy FHA requirements a ground for administrative action by the Mortgagee
Review Board. As explained in the preamble to this final rule, HUD is
imposing a standard of accountability to which lenders, sponsor lenders, and loan
correspondent lenders will be held that is the same as the standard used to impose
Orange County Cities, City of Aliso Viejo, City of Anaheim, City of Brea, City of Buena Park, City of Costa Mesa, City of Cypress, City of Dana Point, City of Fountain
Valley, City of Fullerton, City of Garden Grove, City of Huntington Beach, City of Irvine, City of La Habra, City of La Palma, City of Laguna Beach, City of Laguna Hills,
City of Laguna Niguel, City of Laguna Woods, City of Lake Forest, City of Los Alamitos, City of Mission Viejo, City of Newport Beach, City of Orange, City of Placentia,
City of Rancho Santa Margarita, City of San Clemente, City of San Juan Capistrano, City of Santa Ana, City of Seal Beach, City of Stanton, City of Tustin, City of Villa
Park, City of Westminster, City of Yorba Linda
Hedonic Quality Adjustment Methods
For Clothes Dryers In the U.S. CPI
Paul R. Liegey1
Preface
As previously announced, BLS is extending the use of quality adjustments derived from hedonic models in the CPI. A hedonic model decomposes the price of a
consumer product into implicit prices for each of its important features and components, thereby providing an estimate of the value for each price-influencing feature
and component.
The Illusions of Hedonics
By Antony Mueller
Posted on 7/29/2005
[Subscribe at email services, tell others, or Digg this story.]
The term “hedonics” is derived from ancient Greek and basically means “pleasure doctrine”. It is also the doctrine which the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) applies
when calculating the price indices and for the computation of the real gross domestic product and of productivity.[i] The idea behind hedonic price index calculation is
to incorporate quality changes into prices. This way, a product may be on the market at a higher price, but when the product qualities have augmented more than the
price in the eyes of the BLS, it will calculate that the price of this product has actually fallen.
Over the past years, the Statistical Working Party of the OECD Industry Committee has dealt with several different aspects of productivity measurement and analysis.
One of these issues was the impact of using different price indices for constructing volume output measurements of information and communication (ICT) industries. At
the international level, there are different approaches in this field, often leading to widely diverging profiles of ICT price indices. As a consequence, international
comparability of trends in volume output measures of certain industries but also volume measures of final demand components can be hampered. As there exists no
concise source of information to assess and compare the different approaches and to bring together the advantages and inconveniences associated with
each of them, the Working Party launched a project [DSTI/EAS/IND/SWP(98)4] for a handbook on ICT deflators.
Real estate economics is the application of economic techniques to real estate markets. It tries to describe, explain, and predict patterns of real estate prices, building
production, and real estate consumption. The closely related field of housing economics is narrower in scope, concentrating on residential real estate markets. Both
draw on partial equilibrium analysis (supply and demand), urban economics, spatial economics, and finance.
The 'Lectric Law Library's
Expert Witness & Consultant's
Reading Room
A Diverse Collection of materials About, For, By and Related To the increasingly important field of Legal Expert Witnesses & Consultants of all kinds. It includes
resources on Using, Finding & Paying Experts; What they Can & Can't do; What's needed to become one; Rules, Laws & Court Decisions that effect them or their use;
and Articles written by Expert Witnesses & Consultants spanning the wide range of their expertise.
Tax Tips for Home Buyers
Tired of giving money to a landlord? Invest your money in home ownership, and reduce you taxes at the same time.
Welcome to home ownership, the closest you may ever get to a "sure thing" investment. Not only does buying a home give you a place to call your own, it's also a
great way to reduce your income taxes. The qualified mortgage interest you pay and your real estate taxes are both deductible. That's not to mention that with a little
luck and a reasonable maintenance policy, most homes increase in value over time.
TaxCut Online helps you
claim your mortgage interest.
New house? Reap the tax benefits. We'll walk
you through deducting your mortgage interest
and other qualifying real estate expenses
Real Property
If you buy real property, certain fees and other expenses become part of your cost basis in the property. (Tax IRS)
Passive Activity Loss Audit Technique Guide (ATG) - Table of Contents
Publication Date - December, 2004
NOTE: This guide is current through the publication date. Since changes may have occurred after the publication date that would affect the accuracy of this document,
no guarantees are made concerning the technical accuracy after the publication date.
Cost Segregation Audit Techniques Guide - Table of Contents
Revision Date January 20, 2006
This Audit Techniques Guide is presented in several chapters. These chapters can be accessed and then printed by following the links in the Table of Contents below.
Table of Contents
Chapters:
Introduction
Legal Framework
Cost Segregation Methodologies
Principal Elements of a Quality Cost Segregation Sudy and Report
Review and Examination of a Cost Segregation Study
Appendix
Uniform Capitalization
Change in Accounting Method
Depreciation Overview
Relevant Court Cases
Statistical Sampling
Construction Process
Information Document Requests
Industry Specific Guidance
Casinos
Restaurants
Retail Industries
Field Directive on Planning and Examination of Cost Segregation Issues in the Biotech/Pharmaceutical Industry (IRS TAX Appraisal)
Introduction
This publication contains directories relating to real estate mortgage investment conduits
(REMICs) and collateralized debt obligations. The directory for each calendar quarter
is based on information submitted to the IRS during that quarter. This publication is only avail- able on the Internet. For each quarter, there is a directory of new
REMICs and CDOs, and a section containing Investment amended listings. You can use the directory to find the representative of the REMIC or the issuer
of the CDO from whom you can request tax Conduits information. The amended listing section showschanges to previously listed REMICs and CDOs. The update for
each calendar quarter will (REMICs) be added to this publication approximately six
weeks after the end of the quarter.
Part III - Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous
Guidance Regarding Appraisal Requirements for Noncash Charitable Contributions
Notice 2006-96
SECTION 1. PURPOSE
This notice provides transitional guidance relating to the new definitions of
“qualified appraisal” and “qualified appraiser” in § 170(f)(11) of the Internal Revenue
Code, and new § 6695A of the Code regarding substantial or gross valuation
misstatements, as added by § 1219 of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, Pub. L. No.
109-280, 120 Stat. 780 (2006) (the “PPA”).
The Service and the Treasury Department expect to issue regulations under
§ 170(f)(11). Until those regulations are effective, taxpayers may rely
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
Orange County, Ventura County, Riverside County, San Bernardino County, Orange County Cities, City of Aliso Viejo, City of Anaheim, City of Brea, City of Buena
Park, City of Costa Mesa, City of Cypress, City of Dana Point, City of Fountain Valley, City of Fullerton, City of Garden Grove, City of Huntington Beach, City of Irvine,
City of La Habra, City of La Palma, City of Laguna Beach, City of Laguna Hills, City of Laguna Niguel, City of Laguna Woods, City of Lake Forest, City of Los Alamitos,
City of Mission Viejo, City of Newport Beach, City of Orange, City of Placentia, City of Rancho Santa Margarita, City of San Clemente, City of San Juan Capistrano, City
of Santa Ana, City of Seal Beach, City of Stanton, City of Tustin, City of Villa Park, City of Westminster, City of Yorba Linda
This series covers positions that involve supervising or performing work in appraising and reviewing the appraisals of real or personal property or property interests.
These positions require technical knowledge and skill in the application of the principles, practices, and techniques of appraisal.
In previous editions of “Environment and the
Appraiser,” standards and methods for appraising
contaminated properties were reviewed1 and illustrated
with case study examples.2 In this edition of
the column, we break from standards and methodology
and discuss an issue that is important to the
appraisal profession in general and in particular to
those who focus some or most of their practice on
the valuation of contaminated properties. This issue
involves the proposed administrative rule of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) referred
to as the “all appropriate inquiries” (AAI) rule
and its relationship to existing guidance and practice
in valuing contaminated properties.
A Scientific Approach to Real Estate Valuation
Walter W. Pollock
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 148, Part 1: Real Estate Problems (Mar., 1930), pp. 97-105
Verify Adjustments Tool
Verify Adjustments Tool (freeware) provides the user with a diagnostic tool that performs a quick verification of the mathematical accuracy of sale price adjustments
made by an appraiser to comparable sales. Appraisers try to make adjustments to the sale prices of comparable sales so that after the adjustments are made, the
comparable sales are more similar in price & features and hence indicative of the market value of the property that is the subject of an appraisal.
Typically these adjustments are subjective "educated guesses" not based on market derived objective statistical econometric analysis. Requires Excel 2000 or later for
Windows. Download the Verify Adjustments Tool installer (1.4 MB)
REAL ESTATE LAW
POWER LINES AND PROPERTY VALUES THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND THE UGLY
BY DAVID R. BOLTON AND KENT A. SICK
This article begins with a review of scientific and appraisal writings since 1993 on the subject of electromagnetic field radiation (EMF) and their effect on real property
values. There is a brief examination of current cases, statutes, and municipal regulations, as well as a summary of recent literature and surveys determining the
percentage of decreases in property values. Finally, the authors explore the pros and cons of corridor valuation for expansion of existing utility easements, with an
emphasis on the right-of-way marketing efforts of several major utility companies and using corridor sales data as opposed to traditional "at the fence" methods.
So, maybe appraisal is an imprecise science rather than an art.
California Adopts I-Codes
The California Building Standards Commission has voted unanimously to adopt the International Building Code and International Fire Code as the basis for the state's
new codes. For the first time in nearly ten years, California will have a complete set of building codes based on the latest national and international model building
codes, making use of the most current technologies and methods of construction. The decision comes after an adoption process involving several agencies that make
up the Commission representing building and fire officials, architects, engineers, contractors, labor and the public. The IBC and IFC are scheduled to take effect in
January 2008. This summer, CBSC is scheduled to begin the process to adopt the International Residential Code.
Contact: Dave Johnston, (202) 326-6357, djohnston@boma.org
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Real Estate Codes Coalition
The Real Estate Codes Coalition met on March 20 at the offices of BOMA International in Washington, D.C. Attending were representatives from NAIOP, American
Hotel and Lodging Assn., National Multi Housing Council, and IFMA. The purpose of this meeting was to review the most significant code change proposals pending
before the International Code Council (ICC) and how those proposed changes, if adopted, would affect those with an equity interest in real estate. The coalition was
also briefed on the procedures for ICC's "Final Action Hearings" to be held May 18-26 in Rochester, New York by Ron Burton, BOMA's vice president for codes,
standards and regulatory affairs, and BOMA's code consultant, Larry Perry, AIA.
The advantages and disadvantages of an electronic voting process that ICC will try for the first time in Rochester was discussed. There was extreme concern any
electronic voting mechanism must allow recorded votes so that votes by code and fire officials could be made available to the public. Coalition members agreed that
ICC should ensure that each vote will be recorded and published as part of any electronic voting mechanism both in Rochester and going forward.
The Coalition also discussed the use of remote voting that has been suggested by some members of the ICC leadership. Adoption of remote voting would allow
building and fire officials to cast their votes via a webcast of the ICC hearings rather than being required to attend the hearings. Coalition members were unanimous in
their opposition to the use of remote voting since there were too many opportunities for abuse at the present time. Position statements on these two issues will be
circulated among the members of the coalition for formal adoption.
Contact: Dave Johnston, (202) 326-6357, djohnston@boma.org
COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE RESEARCH
TERMS & DATA STANDARDS
I. Overview and Executive Summary
The purpose of this report is two fold; to examine the methods, assumptions and
limitations used by commercial real estate data vendors in their data collection processes
and secondly, examine the leading commercial real estate data standards and review how
they handle these same research terms. The data elements addressed in this report are:
1. Inventory
2. Vacancy
3. Net Absorption
4. Quoted / Asking Lease Rate
5. Sale Price
6. Construction
7. Demolition
The report will review the data collection methods used by the leading national data
providers for the following real estate product types; office, retail, industrial and
multifamily. The data provider / method tables included in this report summarize the
survey findings by research term and product type.
The commercial real estate data standards reviewed in this report are as follows:
- Multifamily Information Transaction Standard (MITS)
- Real Estate Transaction Standard (RETS)
- Data Consortium (DC)
- Property Information Systems Common Exchange Standard (PISCES)
- Mortgage Industry Standards Maintenance Organization (MISMO)
This report will provide a brief overview of each data standards effort, discuss the topics
and area of focus for each data standard and introduce methods and technology tools for
integrating data from disparate data sources.
Residential (IRS) Rental Property PUD 527
Publication 523 (2006), Selling Your Home (IRS)
IRS Publications
INTRODUCTION
Sheet metal work is one of the few remaining crafts that transform raw materials into finished products through skilled craftsmanship. Sheet metal workers cut, form,
weld, solder, and assemble individual pieces to create final products and systems that serve all building types and functions. While many of the repetitious steps and
processes have been automated, individual skill—a product of training and apprenticeship under master craftsmen—is the critical element. Sheet metal types range
from coated and uncoated steel and aluminum sheet stock to copper and stainless steel, and the coatings vary from galvanized finishes to high-tech anodizing
treatments. Like wood or stone, metal is a basic building material—like wood it has grain but, unlike stone, metals can be mixed to create totally unique metals.
Applications range from architectural, which span decorative elements, to "invisible" roof flashing to duct systems, which are used in residential, commercial heating,
air-conditioning, and ventilation systems (HVAC) to industrial ducts in manufacturing facilities. This particular section of the Whole Building Design Guide deals
specifically with mechanical air distribution
Architects, engineers, and project managers can improve the performance and quality of their buildings by following the guidance and recommendations provided
within the categories of this web site. Start by navigating through one of the sections below:
Building Types—contains information organized by the type of building or use
Space Types—contains information organized by the type of functional space within buildings
Design Disciplines—contains information organized by the professional disciplines' role in the 'whole building' process
Design Objectives—contains information organized by the specific design goal
Products & Systems—contains information organized by CSI MasterFormat™ or UniFormat™
Multiple links between various sections of the WBDG and the Internet allow you to easily access all relevant online information related to a topic, including design tools,
federal mandates, and government and non-government standards. At the bottom-most level of the site, browse in-depth technical summaries, called Resource
Pages, written by industry experts.
Welcome to the new Tools section of the Whole Building Design Guide. These pages offer information on a variety of desktop or Web-based tools used in the building
industry.
Browse alphabetically
Browse by category:
Code Compliance
Cost-Estimating
Design & Analysis
Energy Analysis
Life-Cycle Costing / Assessment
Professional & Construction Services
Program & Project Management
Specification Aids
Browse by agency use:
Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA)
Army Corps of Engineers (COE)
Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)
General Services Administration (GSA)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC)
U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
INTRODUCTION
Successful project management requires team leadership and coordination, diligent project planning, and effective oversight of the delivery process. Recognizing the
importance of these qualities in satisfying clients' expectations, the Project Management section offers guidance for the entire delivery team to successfully and
effectively carry out a high performance building project.
While this section is still under development, click on one of the following areas to begin your exploration:
Project Delivery Teams—Contains guidance on assembling and effectively managing the project team.
Project Planning and Development—Contains guidance on how to plan and deliver a project, from inception to turnover.
Building Commissioning—Provides an overview of commissioning drivers, benefits, goals, and principles.
Project Delivery and Controls—Contains descriptions of procedures and practices used to manage project scope, budget, and schedule.
Note: Terminology and processes described within this section of the WBDG typically refer to federal projects, but may be applicable to other public sector institutions
with adaptation for local standards of professional practice.
INTRODUCTION
The operations and maintenance (O&M) of facilities covers all that broad spectrum of services required to assure the built environment is available to and will perform
the functions for which they were designed and constructed. O&M is comprised of the day-to-day activities necessary for the built entities to perform their intended
function. Operations and maintenance are combined into the one term O&M because an entity cannot operate without being maintained; therefore the two are
discussed as one.
At this time the Operations and Maintenance section offers guidance in the following areas:
Real Property Inventory (RPI)—Provides an overview on the type of system needed to maintain an inventory of an organization's assets and manage those assets.
Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS)—Contains descriptions of procedures and practices used to track the maintenance of an organization's
assets and associated costs.
Future updates to the Operations and Maintenance section will provide additional guidance in the areas described below.
The scope of O&M includes the activities required to keep the entire built environment as contained in the organization's Real Property Inventory of buildings and
structures and their supporting facilities such as utility systems, parking lots, roads, drainage structures and grounds in condition to be used to meet their intended
function during their life cycle. These activities include routine and breakdown maintenance and repairs, operations of utility systems and grounds care. It varies from
O&M of a single building to a complex of many buildings and structures or groups of complexes. As the number of buildings and structures increases, the organization
performing the O&M increases in size and complexity. In all cases it requires knowledgeable and skilled management and skilled and trained technical personnel to
perform the many varied O&M functions.
United States Code: Main Page
The United States Code is the codification by subject matter of the general and permanent laws of the United States. It is divided by broad subjects into 50 titles and
published by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U.S. House of Representatives. Since 1926, the United States Code has been published every six years. In
between editions, annual cumulative supplements are published in order to present the most current information. Documents are available only as ASCII text files.
More.
TITLE 16--CONSERVATION
CHAPTER 81--USER FEES UNDER FOREST SYSTEM RECREATION RESIDENCE PROGRAM
Sec. 6205. Appraisals
(a) Requirements for conducting appraisals
TITLE 12--BANKS AND BANKING
CHAPTER 34A--APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
EXAMINATION COUNCIL
Sec. 3345. Certification and licensing requirements
TITLE 12--BANKS AND BANKING
CHAPTER 34A--APPRAISAL SUBCOMMITTEE OF FEDERAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
EXAMINATION COUNCIL
Sec. 3339. Functions of Federal financial institutions
regulatory agencies relating to appraisal standards
Each Federal financial institutions regulatory agency and the
Resolution Trust Corporation shall prescribe appropriate standards for
the performance of real estate appraisals in connection with federally
related transactions under the jurisdiction of each such agency or
instrumentality. These rules shall require, at a minimum--
(1) that real estate appraisals be performed in accordance with
generally accepted appraisal standards as evidenced by the appraisal
standards promulgated by the Appraisal Standards Board of the
Appraisal Foundation; and
(2) that such appraisals shall be written appraisals.
(a) In general
For purposes of this chapter, the term ``State certified real estate
appraiser'' means any individual who has satisfied the requirements for
State certification in a State or territory whose criteria for
certification as a real estate appraiser currently meets the minimum
criteria for certification issued by the Appraiser Qualification Board
of the Appraisal Foundation.
Construction is risky business. And while today’s construction projects may be safer than they were in the past, the financial risks continue to be great. Today’s
construction projects are bid under fierce competition with little margin and require the coordination of many trades under demanding conditions and challenging
timeframes. Often, everything does not go according to plan and the parties to the construction contract find themselves at odds.
Thankfully, several truths remain. All construction projects have a critical path. This is true whether the parties develop a Critical Path Method (CPM) schedule or
manage the project off the back of a napkin. Also, only delays to activities on the critical path can delay the completion of the project. The analysis techniques used
to determine these critical project delays will differ depending upon the management tools employed on the project. However, because the power of the CPM
schedule offers advantages to the project managers of both the owner and the contractor, the CPM schedule has become commonplace on most construction
projects. And, if a CPM schedule was prepared for a project, it is the place that the delay analyst must start.
Assessment Appeals Manuel
In the administration of the property tax in California, achieving equity in the equalization
process requires two elements. First, the taxpayer and the appeals board should have as much
relevant information as possible about the value of the property and about the assessment placed on that property by the assessor. Second, all parties must receive
an adequate, impartial hearing of any appeal regarding that property.
For purposes of local property taxation, equalization means adjustments in the values of
properties listed on the assessment roll to conform to their values within the parameters of
property tax laws.
Assessors' Handbook sections are available here for viewing and printing. You may also purchase copies of Assessors' Handbook sections by downloading, printing,
and submitting the following form:
BOE-663-AH, Purchase Order For Assessor's Handbook Sections, Rev. 18 (01-05)
Table of Contents
AH 201, Assessment Roll Procedures, (06-85)
AH 215, Assessment Map Standards, (08-92)
AH 265, Cemetery Exemption, (08-77)
AH 267, Welfare, Church, and Religious Exemptions, (10-04)
AH 501, Basic Appraisal, (01-02)
AH 502, Advanced Appraisal, (12-98)
AH 503, Cash Equivalent Analysis, (03-85)
AH 504, Assessment of Personal Property and Fixtures, (10-02)
AH 505, Capitalization Formulas and Tables, (06-93)
AH 510, Assessment of Taxable Possessory Interests, (12-02)
AH 511, Assessment of Manufactured Homes and Parks, (11-01)
AH 513, Assessment of Shopping Centers, (01-83)
AH 515, Assessment of Golf Courses, (01-83)
AH 516, Assessment of Cemeteries, (01-83)
AH 521, Assessment of Agricultural and Open-Space Properties, (10-03)
AH 531, Residential Building Costs, (01-07)
AH 534, Rural Building Costs, (01-07)
AH 542, Assessment Of Water Companies And Water Rights, (12-00)
AH 560, Assessment of Mining Properties, (03-97)
AH 566, Assessment of Petroleum Properties, (01-99)
AH 570, Assessment of Commercial Aircraft, (01-72)
AH 576, Assessment of Vessels, (02-02)
AH 577, Assessment of General Aircraft, (11-03)
AH 581, Equipment Index and Percent Good Factors, (01-07)
AH 582, Explanation of the Derivation of Equipment Percent Good Factors, (02-81)
Assessment Appeals Manual, (5-03)
State Assessment Manual, (3-03)
Timber Tax Manual, (11-05)
SHARING INFORMATION TO COUNTER TERRORISM...
AND PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY
Since the World Trade Center attacks in September 2001, high-profile office properties, apartment buildings, shopping malls and hotels all have been identified as
potential terrorist targets at one time or another. In response, industry organizations have worked with government officials to prevent, detect and respond to terrorist
threats and malicious incidents.
Free Advice - Real Estate Law Center
The Cato Institute-Real Estate
Among the many policy responses to recent natural disasters
and their costs have been proposals to tighten land use
restrictions and building codes in disaster-prone areas. There
is little modern economic research on either the costs of codes
or their effectiveness in producing the desired level of safety
within high hazard areas. In this article, I examine code changes
during the 1980s on Florida’s Gulf Coast to determine how
land market participants value building codes in high hazard
areas, including those associated with the provision of federal
flood insurance.
Anatomy of a Brownfields Redevelopment
Provides an overview of the brownfields cleanup and redevelopment process from a real estate development perspective. The document identifies key challenges in
brownfields redevelopment, critical participants in brownfields transactions, and important stages throughout processes such as pre-development, assessment,
cleanup and development, and long-term property management. Example scenarios from projects using private, public-private, and public funding sources are
included. The document also provides a brief glossary of key terms, as well as additional resources for those looking to clean up and redevelop brownfields.
These pages provide links to bibliographic information and organizational websites that are related to various issues associated with the mission of the Hixon Center
for Urban Ecology. The information contained on these pages has been gathered through student projects and by Hixon Center student assistants. It is not meant to
be an all inclusive list of sources on each topic, nor has every source been evaluated for quality. More information resources within the field of urban ecology will be
added to this Website in the near future. In addition, these pages will be updated regularly; please visit this site again for new information.
- BEFORE THE ARCHITECT, Custom House Plans -
Before The Architect is about custom house design and custom house plans nationwide
"CUSTOM HOUSE PLANS AND NOT JUST A HANDFUL OF PRETTY PICTURES"
The NAHB Research Center has been engaged in a multifaceted research program for the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) and the U.S. Department of
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to quantify the structural performance of homes and to develop or refine engineering methods that accurately model
conventional wood construction. Previous studies have focused on the system effects of the whole building performance and specific assemblies such as built-up
headers and shear walls. However, little effort has been made to investigate the systemic load path with respect to roof framing connections, particularly in the context
of conventional, wood-framed homes. The engineering knowledge needed to cost-effectively design homes or evaluate residential construction guidelines are lacking
in this area. In addition, the practice of making connections in conventional wood-frame construction has evolved from its original use of hand-driven fasteners to the
predominant use of pneumatic fasteners. The prescriptive fastening schedules developed based on historic experience with hand-driven fasteners need to be verified
and updated for use with pneumatic fasteners to ensure consistency with the intended performance objectives. This problem further extends to the design practice for
engineered wood-frame connections. The focus of this project was on connections used with conventional light-frame wood roof construction. A literature review was
conducted and supplemented with new research on the performance of conventional roof systems and components including ceiling joist-to-rafter connections and
roof framing-to-wall connections.
Toolbase Services: The home building industry's techinigal information resourse.
Brownfields are real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance,
pollutant, or contaminant. Cleaning up and reinvesting in these properties takes development pressures off of undeveloped, open land, and both improves and
protects the environment.
On this site, you can find information about US EPA's Brownfields Program including the Brownfields Law, US EPA Brownfields Grants, technical tools and resources
as well as information on brownfields projects across the county.
Roofs can be designed and constructed to be either vented
or unvented in any hygro-thermal zone.
In cold climates, the primary purpose of attic ventilation is
to maintain a cold roof temperature to avoid ice dams created
by melting snow, and to vent moisture that moves
from the conditioned space to the attic. Melted snow, in
this case, is caused by heat loss from the conditioned space.
In hot climates, the primary purpose of attic ventilation is
to expel solar heated hot air from the attic to lessen the
building cooling load.
n this essay, I explore the latter hypothesis. I suggest that the focus on the police does not do justice to the processual dynamics of how a neighborhood is
redeveloped, gentrified, or commercialized. It does not begin to scratch at the dynamic relationship between real estate redevelopment and crime. There are crucial
intervening steps. And in the more complete story, the most important players are high-end commercial and residential real estate developers, city urban planners,
and non-profit housing advocates for the homeless. The police and their policing are ancillary.
Leading Social Science Research
Delivered Daily
Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is devoted to the rapid worldwide dissemination of social science research and is composed of a number of specialized
research networks in each of the social sciences. We have received several excellence awards for our web site.
Each of SSRN's networks encourages the early distribution of research results by publishing Submitted abstracts and by soliciting abstracts of top quality research
papers around the world. We now have hundreds of journals, publishers, and institutions in Partners in Publishing that provide working papers for distribution through
SSRN's eLibrary and abstracts for publication in SSRN's electronic journals. (Real Estate)
Commercial appraisal, Appraiser Commercial Los Angeles,LA, L.A., Real Estate Appraiser,
Commercial Real Estate Appraiser, Commercial Real Estate Appraisal, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser, Commercial Appraisal, Special Purpose Property,
Office Property,
California Appraiser, Forensic Appraiser, PMI Removal Appraiser, Fee Appraisal. Certified General Appraiser, Tax Appraiser, ASA, American Society of Appraisers,
IRS Appraisal
Real estate appraisal is more of a practical art than a theoretical science. Appraisers use a number of time-honored formulas without great attention to the theoretical
derivation of the formulas. While this "cookbook" approach may work as a matter of everyday practice, it leaves much to be desired from a pedagogical viewpoint.
When valuation formulas do have a derivation from a certain set of assumptions, then it is quite inappropriate—particularly for the technically-oriented student—for the
formulas to be taught as "recipes" established by some authority and simply to be memorized and used.
There are a number of reasonably complex formulas that are used in the income approach to real estate appraisal, particularly as developed in the United States. The
necessary assumptions and the proofs of these formulas are usually to be found only in a few scarce journal articles in the United States or in out-of-print books.
Hence we have attempted to give here, all in one place, fresh algebraic derivations of the major formulas to make them available to technically adept students and
practitioners.
Mortgage Fraud is investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and is
punishable by up to 30 years in federal prison or $1,000,000 fine, or both. It is
illegal for a person to make any false statement regarding income, assets, debt,
or matters of identification, or to willfully overvalue any land or property, in a
loan and credit application for the purpose of influencing in any way the
action of a financial institution.
Some of the applicable Federal criminal statutes which may be charged in connection with
Mortgage Fraud include:
18 U.S.C. § 1001 - Statements or entries generally
18 U.S.C. § 1010 - HUD and Federal Housing Administration Transactions
18 U.S.C. § 1014 - Loan and credit applications generally
18 U.S.C. § 1028 - Fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents
18 U.S.C. § 1341 - Frauds and swindles by Mail
18 U.S.C. § 1342 - Fictitious name or address
18 U.S.C. § 1343 - Fraud by wire
18 U.S.C. § 1344 - Bank Fraud
42 U.S.C. § 408(a) - False Social Security Number
Property Rights Foundation of America, Inc.
New information added on February 2, 2007
http://prfamerica.org/indices/Eminent-NatlIndex.html
| We Make a Simple Pledge to Communicate, in a timely Fashion, each appraisal, analysis, and opinion without bias or partiality Abstain from behavior that is deleterious to our clients, the appraisal profession, and the public Hold paramount the confidential nature of the appraiser/consultant - client relationship and Comply with the requirements of the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice and the Code of Professional Ethics of the National Society of Real Estate Appraisers |
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of Irvine, City of La
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Forest, City of Los
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Margarita, City of San
Clemente, City of San
Juan Capistrano, City
of Santa Ana, City of
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Stanton, City of Tustin,
City of Villa Park, City
of Westminster, City of
Yorba Linda
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City of Aliso Viejo, City
of Anaheim, City of
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Park, City of Costa
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of Irvine, City of La
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of Santa Ana, City of
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Stanton, City of Tustin,
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of Westminster, City of
Yorba Linda
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Commercial Appraiser and Real Estate Consultant, Los Angeles, California Commercial Appraiser,Los Angeles, Commercial appraisal, comercial appraiser, Expert Witness, Real Estate consultant, LA, L.A., Southern Californiacommercial appraiser,appraiser los angeles, real estate appraiser,commercial expert witness real estate, real property,commercial appraiser, commercial real estate, Los Angeles, Estate , Probate, Trust, Tax, MAI Appraiser, LA, L.A., real estate land los angeles, commercial real estate inspectors, real estate brokers, los angeles, real estate appraiser, Los Angeles, llp, mark to marker, Land Appraiser, Special Purpose Property Appraiser, Office Property, Commercial appraisal, Restaurant, Apartment, VANDEMA, Southern California Commercial Real Estate, Residential Appraiser, Apartment Appraiser,California Appraiser,PMI Removal, Certified General, Tax , Multi Family , Bank appraisal institute| The Harris Company, Real Estate Appraiser / Consultant 5780 West Centinela Avenue, Building 1, Suite 408 Los Angeles, California 90045 310.337.1973 harris_curtis@sbcglobal.net |
InfoMine
Copyright 2005, 2006 All Rights Reserved
Los Angeles City, Residential and
Commercial Appraisal Coverage
Areas: 90001, 90002, 90003, 90004,
90005,
90006, 90007, 90008, 90009, 90010,
90011, 90012, 90013, 90014, 90015,
90016, 90017, 90018, 90019, 90020,
90021, 90022, 90023, 90024, 90025,
90026, 90027, 90028, 90029, 90030,
90031, 90032, 90033, 90034, 90035,
90036, 90037, 90038, 90039, 90040,
90041, 90042, 90043, 90044, 90045,
90046, 90047, 90048, 90049, 90050,
90051, 90052, 90053, 90054, 90055,
90056, 90057, 90058, 90059, 90060,
90061, 90062, 90063, 90064, 90065,
90066, 90067, 90068, 90069, 90070,
90071, 90072, 90073, 90074, 90075,
90076, 90077, 90078, 90079, 90080,
90081, 90082, 90083, 90084, 90086,
90087, 90088, 90089, 90091, 90093,
90094, 90095, 90096, 90097, 90099,
90101, 90102, 90103, 90174, 90185,
90189, 91331, 91335
Los Angeles County, Residential
Appraiser, Real Estate Appraiser, and
Commercial Appraisal / Appraiser
Coverage Areas: 93510
Agoura 91301
Agua Dulce, Saugus 91350
Airport Worldway (City of LA) 90009
Alhambra 91801, 91803
Altadena 91001
Arcadia 91006 ,91007
ARCO Towers (City of LA) 90071
Arleta (City of LA) 91331
Artesia 90680
Athens 90044
Atwater Village (City of LA) 90039
Avalon 90704
Azusa 91702
Baldwin Hills 90008
Baldwin Park 91706
Bassett 91746
Bel Air Estates (City of LA) 90049.
90077
Bell 90201
Bell Gardens 90201
Bellflower 90706
Beverly Glen (City of LA) 90077, 90210
Beverly Hills 90210 - 90212
Biola Univ. (La Mirada) 90639
Boyle Heights (City of LA) 90033
Bradbury 91010
Brentwood (City of LA) 90049
Burbank 91501 - 91502 / 91506 /
91523
Burbank (Glenoaks) 91504
Burbank (Woodbury Univ.) 91510
Cal State Dominguez Hills (Carson)
90747
Cal State Long Beach (Long Beach)
90840
Cal State Northridge (City of LA) 91330
Cal Tech (Pasadena) 91125 - 91126
Calabasas 91302/91372
Canoga Park (City of LA) 91303 -
91304
Canyon Country (Santa Clarita) 91351
Carson 90745 - 90746
Carson (CS Univ. Dominguez Hills)
90747
Carson/Long Beach 90810
Castaic 91310 / 91384
Castellemare (City of LA) 90272
Century City (City of LA) 90067
Cerritos 90701
Chatsworth (City of LA) 91311
Cheviot Hills (City of LA) 90064
Chinatown (City of LA) 90012
City Terrace 90063
Civic Center (City of LA) 90012
Claremont 91711
Commerce, City of 90040
Compton 90220 - 90222
Country Club Park (City of LA) 90019
Covina 91722 - 91724
Crenshaw (City of LA) 90008
Cudahy 90201
Culver City 90230 / 90232
Cypress Park (City of LA) 90065
Diamond Bar 91765 / 91789
Dominguez Hills, Cal State (Carson)
90747
Downey 90240 - 90242
Downtown Los Angeles (City of LA)
90013 - 90015 / 90017 / 90021 / 90029
Eagle Rock (City of LA) 90041
East Los Angeles 90022
East Los Angeles (City of LA) 90023
East Rancho Dominguez 90221
Echo Park (City of LA) 90026
Edwards AFB 93523
El Monte 91731 - 91732
El Segundo 90245
El Sereno (City of LA) 90032
Elizabeth Lake 93532
Encino (City of LA) 91316 / 91436
Federal Bldg (Lawndale) 90261
Firestone Boy Scout Res. 92621
Florence 90001
Gardena 90247 - 90249
Glassell Park (City of LA) 90065
Glendale 91201 - 91208
Glendale (La Crescenta) 91214
Glendale (Tropico) 91204 - 91205
Glendale (Verdugo City) 91046
Glendora 91740 - 91741
Glenoaks (Burbank) 91504
Granada Hills (City of LA) 91344
Griffith Park (City of LA) 90027
Hacienda Heights (La Puente) 91745
Hancock Park (City of LA) 90004 /
90020
Harbor City (City of LA) 90710
Hawaiian Gardens 90716
Hawthorne (Holly Park) 90250
Hermosa Beach 90254
Hi Vista 93535
Hidden Hills 91302
Highland Park (City of LA) 90042
Hollywood (City of LA) 90028 / 90038 /
90068
Huntington Park 90255
Hyde Park (City of LA) 90043
Industry, City of 91744 / 91746 / 91789
Inglewood 90301 - 90303, 90305
Irwindale 91706
Jefferson Park (City of LA) 90018
Juniper Hills 93543
Koreatown (City of LA) 90005
La Canada-Flintridge 91011
La Crescenta (Glendale) 91214
La Habra Heights 90631
La Mirada 90638
La Mirada (Biola Univ.) 90639
La Puente 91744/91746
La Puente (Hacienda Heights) 91745
La Puente (Rowland Heights) 91748
La Verne 91750
Ladera Heights (City of LA) 90056
Lake Hughes 93532
Lake Los Angeles 93550 / 93591
Lake View Terrace (City of LA) 91342
Lakewood 90712 - 90713 / 90715
Lancaster 93534 - 93536
Lawndale 90260
Lawndale (Federal Bldg) 90261
LAX Area (City of LA) 90045
Leimert Park (City of LA) 90008
Lennox 90304
Littlerock 93543
Llano 93544
Lomita 90717
Long Beach 90802 - 90808, 90813 -
90815, 90822
Long Beach (Cal State Long Beach)
90840
Long Beach (McDonnell Douglas)
90846
Long Beach (North Long Beach) 90805
Long Beach (World Trade Ctr) 90831 -
90832
AIr Port Worldway 90009
ARCO Towers 90071
Arleta 91331
Atwater Village 90039
Bel Air Estates 90049 / 90077
Beverly Glen 90077 / 90210
Boyle Heights 90033
Brentwood 90049
Cal State Northridge 91330
Canoga Park 91303 / 91304
Century City 90067
Chatsworth 91311
Cheviot Hills 90064
Chinatown 90012
Civic Center 90012
Country Club Park 90019
Crenshaw 90008
Cypress Park 90065
Downtown Los Angeles 90013 - 90015
/ 90017 / 90021 / 90029
Eagle Rock 90041
East Los Angeles 90023
Echo Park 90026
El Sereno 90032
Encino 91316 / 91436
Glassell Park 90065
Granada Hills 91344
Griffith Park 90027
Hancock Park 90004 / 90020
Harbor City 90710
Highland Park 90042
Hollywood 90028 / 90038 / 90068
Hyde Park 90043
Jefferson Prk 90018
Los Angeles (Koreatown) 90005
Los Angeles (Ladera Heights) 90056
Lake View Terrace) 91342
Los Angeles (LAX Area) 90045
Los Angeles (Leimert Park) 90008
Los Angeles (Los Feliz) 90027
Los Angeles (Mar Vista) 90066
Los Angeles (Mid City) 90019
Los Angeles (Mission Hills) 91345
Los Angeles (Montecito Heights) 90031
Los Angeles (Mount Olympus) 90046
Los Angeles (Mt. Washington) 90065
Los Angeles (North Hills) 91343
North Hollywood) 91601 - 91602 /
91604 - 91607
Northridge) 91324-91325
Pacific Highlands) 90272
Pacific Palisades) 90272
Pacoima) 91331
Los Angeles (Palms) 90034
Panorama City) 91402
Los Angeles (Park La Brea) 90036
Los Angeles (Pico Heights) 90006
Playa del Rey) 90293
Los Angeles (Porter Ranch) 91326
Los Angeles (Rancho Park) 90064
Reseda) 91335
San Pedro) 90731-90732
Los Angeles (Sawtelle) 90025
Los Angeles (Shadow Hills) 91040
Los Angeles (Sherman Oaks) 91403 /
91423
Los Angeles (Silverlake) 90026
Los Angeles (South Central) 90001 /
90003 /90007 / 90011 / 90037 / 90047
/ 90061 - 90062
Los Angeles (Studio City) 91604
Los Angeles (Sun Valley) 91352
Los Angeles (Sunland) 91040
Los Angeles (Sylmar) 91342
Los Angeles (Tarzana) 91356
Los Angeles (Terminal Island) 90731
Los Angeles (Toluca Lake) 91602
Los Angeles (Tujunga) 91042
Los Angeles (USC) 90089
Los Angeles (Valley Village) 91607
Van Nuys) 91401- 91403 / 91405 -
91406 / 91411 / 91423
Los Angeles (Venice) 90291
Los Angeles (Watts) 90002/90059
Los Angeles (West Adams) 90016
Los Angeles (West Beverly) 90048
Los Angeles (West Fairfax) 90035
Los Angeles (West Hills) 91307
Los Angeles (West Los Angeles) 90025
Los Angeles (Westchester) 90045
Los Angeles (Westlake) 90057
Los Angeles (Westwood) 90024
Wilmington) 90744
Los Angeles (Wilshire Blvd) 90010
Los Angeles (Winnetka) 91306
Los Angeles (Woodland Hills) 91364 /
91367
Los Feliz (City of LA) 90027
Los Nietos 90606
Lynwood 90262
Malibu 90265
Manhattan Beach 90266
Mar Vista (City of LA) 90066
Marina del Rey 90292
Maywood 90270
McDonnell Douglas (Long Beach)
90846
Mid City (City of LA) 90019
Mission Hills (City of LA) 91345
Monrovia 91016
Montebello 90640
Montecito Heights (City of LA) 90031
Monterey Hills (City of LA) 90032
Monterey Park 91754-91756
Montrose 91020
Mount Olympus (City of LA) 90046
Mount Wilson 91023
Mt. Washington (City of LA) 90065
Newhall (Santa Clarita) 91321
North Hills (City of LA) 91343
North Hollywood (City of LA) 91601 -
91602 / 91604 - 91607
North Long Beach (Long Beach) 90805
Northridge (City of LA) 91324 - 91325
Northridge, Cal State Univ. (City of LA)
91330
Norwalk 90650
Oak Park 91301
Pacific Highlands (City of LA) 90272
Pacific Palisades (City of LA) 90272
Pacoima (City of LA) 91331
Palmdale 93550 - 93552 / 93591
Palms (City of LA) 90034
Palos Verdes Estates 90274
Panorama City (City of LA) 91402
Paramount 90723
Park La Brea (City of LA) 90036
Pasadena 91101 / 91103 - 91107
Pasadena (Cal Tech) 91125 - 91126
Pearblossom 93553
Phillips Ranch 91766
Pico Heights (City of LA) 90006
Pico Rivera 90660
Playa del Rey (City of LA) 90293
Playa Vista (City of LA) 90094
Pomona 91766-91768
Porter Ranch (City of LA) 91326
Quartz Hill 93536
Rancho Dominguez 90220
Rancho Palos Verdes 90275 / 90717 /
90732
Rancho Park (City of LA) 90064
Redondo Beach 90277 - 90278
Reseda (City of LA) 91335
Rolling Hills 90274
Rolling Hills Estates 90274
Rosemead 91770
Rosewood 90222
Rowland Heights (La Puente) 91748
San Dimas 91773
San Fernando 91340
San Gabriel 91775 - 91776
San Marino 91108
San Pedro (City of LA) 90731 - 90733
Santa Clarita (Canyon Country) 91351
Santa Clarita (Newhall) 91321
Santa Clarita (Valencia) 91354 - 91355
Santa Fe Springs 90670
Santa Monica 90401 - 90405
Saugus, Agua Dulce 91350
Sawtelle (City of LA) 90025
Shadow Hills (City of LA) 91040
Sherman Oaks (City of LA) 91403 / 9
1423
Sierra Madre 91024
Signal Hill 90755
Silverlake (City of LA) 90026
South Central (City of LA) 90001 /
90003 / 90007 / 90011 / 90037 /
90047 / 90061 - 90062
South El Monte 91733
South Gate 90280
South Pasadena 91030
South Whittier 90605
Stevenson Ranch 91381
Studio City (City of LA) 91604
Sun Valley (City of LA) 91352
Sunland (City of LA) 91040
Sylmar (City of LA) 91342
Tarzana (City of LA) 91356
Temple City 91780
Terminal Island (City of LA) 90731
Toluca Lake (City of LA) 91602
Topanga 90290
Torrance 90501-90506 / 90277 -
90278
Tropico (Glendale) 91204 - 91205
Tujunga (City of LA) 91042
Universal City 91608
USC (City of LA) 90089
VA Hospital (Sawtelle) 90073
Valencia (Santa Clarita) 91354 - 91355
Valinda 91744
Valley Village (City of LA) 91607
Valyermo 93563
Van Nuys (City of LA) 91401 - 91403 /
91405 - 91406 / 91411 / 91423
Venice (City of LA) 90291
Verdugo City (Glendale) 91046
Vernon 90058
View Park 90043
Walnut 91789
Walnut Park 90255
Watts (City of LA) 90002 /90059
West Adams (City of LA) 90016
West Beverly (City of LA) 90048
West Covina 91790-91793
West Fairfax (City of LA) 90035
West Hills (City of LA) 91307
West Hollywood 90069
West Los Angeles (City of LA) 90025
Westchester (City of LA) 90045
Westlake (City of LA) 90057
Westlake Village 91361 - 91362
Westwood (City of LA) 90024
Whittier 90601 - 90605
Whittier (Whittier College) 90608
Whittier College (Whittier) 90608
Willowbrook 90059 / 90222
Wilmington (City of LA) 90744
Wilshire Blvd (City of LA) 90010
Windsor Hills 90043
Winnetka (City of LA) 91306
Woodbury Univ. (Burbank) 91510
Woodland Hills (City of LA) 91364 /
91367
World Trade Center (Long Beach)
90831 - 90832
Please call for Orange County,
Ventura County, Riverside County,
San Bernardino, County
Coverage Areas, Real Estate
Appraiser Orange Riverside Ventura
San Bernardino Counties,
Special use/purpose appraiser